Persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (hereinafter, “PLHIV”) face barriers at each stage of the criminal justice process, including prosecution for non-disclosure of HIV status. Justice institutions reinforce the stigma of HIV, which has perverse consequences for HIV prevention and treatment services. This article takes a critical criminological approach to “HIV criminalization,” using the frames of queer criminology and epidemiological criminology to analyze both the punishment of “deviant” sex and the public health consequences of HIV stigma. Finally, this article offers a comprehensive consideration of the criminal justice barriers that PLHIV face in light of current criminological research, providing both mainstream and critical criminologists new insights into the social construction of deviance, legitimacy of institutions, definition of victims, and purposes of punishment.

携带人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）（以下简称“ PLHIV”）的人在刑事司法程序的每个阶段都面临着障碍，包括对未公开艾滋病毒身分的起诉。司法机构加剧了对艾滋病毒的污名，这对艾滋病毒的预防和治疗服务产生了不良影响。本文对“艾滋病毒定罪”采取了批判性的犯罪学方法，使用酷儿犯罪学和流行病学犯罪学的框架来分析“越轨”性的惩罚和艾滋病毒耻辱的公共卫生后果。最后，本文根据当前的犯罪学研究对PLHIV面临的刑事司法障碍进行了全面的考虑，为主流和批判犯罪学家提供了新的见解，以期了解社会结构的偏差，机构的合法性，