During the French presidential campaign of 2017, the Front National candidate Marine Le Pen caused outrage during a television interview when she identified Cardinal Richelieu as her political hero. She admired him, she said, because he had never allowed a minority religion to dominate France—a clear reference to the brutal military campaign against French Protestants during the last War of Religion (1621–29), culminating in the siege of La Rochelle that left at least 10,000 Protestants dead.1¹ Le Pen’s comments drew the ire of the Fédération protestante de France, which argued that the only reason she had ‘maliciously and disrespectfully’ evoked the past actions of French Protestants was to cast a shadow on France’s Muslim population.2² This was not the first clash between the Front National and French Protestants over historical analogies. In 2015 Le Pen’s niece, the Vaucluse deputy Marion Maréchal-Le Pen, had praised the Provence region for its ‘resistance against the Protestant Reformation, the German Occupation, and the disastrous project of the European Union’. In response, the pastor of the Protestant church of the Oratoire in Paris, James Woody, reminded her that such resistance had resulted in the 1545 state-sanctioned massacre of over 2,000 Protestants in the Lubéron.3³ These ongoing memory wars demonstrate that, although the French Wars of Religion ended four centuries ago, competing narratives about the troubles still divide Catholics and Protestants in France today. Indeed, invoking the Wars of Religion to make contemporary political claims reveals something of the extent to which the Front National (now Rassemblement National) holds in tension a republican commitment to secularism (laïcité) with an established history of support among predominantly Catholic voters.4⁴

中文翻译：

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简介：纪念法国宗教战争

在2017年法国总统大选期间，国民阵线候选人马琳·勒庞（Marine Le Pen）在电视采访中将红衣主教黎塞留（Cardinal Richelieu）确定为她的政治英雄，引起了愤怒。她说，她敬佩他，因为他从未允许少数派宗教统治法国-明确提到上一次宗教战争（1621-29年）期间对法国新教徒的残酷军事行动，最终围困了拉罗谢尔，留下至少10,000新教徒dead.1 ^1点勒庞的意见提请联邦protestante法国的愤怒，其认为她有“恶意和无礼”的唯一原因诱发的法国新教徒的过去的行为是让人对法国的穆斯林阴影人口^{2 2}这不是国民党和法国新教徒因历史类比而发生的第一次冲突。2015年，勒庞的外女沃克吕兹州副总理马里昂·马勒沙勒勒庞（MarionMaréchal-LePen）称赞普罗旺斯地区“抵制新教改革，德国占领和欧盟的灾难性工程”。对此，Oratoire在巴黎，詹姆斯·伍迪，新教教会的牧师提醒她，这样的抵抗，已经导致了Lubéron.3超过2,000新教徒的1545国家认可的大屠杀³这些持续的记忆大战表明，尽管法国宗教战争在四个世纪前就结束了，但有关困境的相互竞争的叙述至今仍在法国的天主教徒和新教徒中分裂开来。事实上，援引宗教战争使当代政治权利揭示哪个民族阵线（现刚果争取国家）的张力保持对世俗主义（共和承诺的程度东西政教分离以天主教为主的voters.4中与支持的成立历史）⁴