Canine oral malignant melanoma is locally invasive and highly metastatic. At present, the best option for local control is en bloc excision followed by radiation if excision margins are incomplete. Adjuvantly, the role of chemotherapy is dubious while immunotherapy appears encouraging. This retrospective study evaluated 155 dogs with oral malignant melanomas (24 stage I, 54 stage II, 66 stage III and 11 stage IV) managed in a single institution. The aim was to evaluate the differences in median survival time (MST) and disease-free interval (DFI) between dogs which, at presentation, were treated surgically with a curative intent (group 1) vs those marginally excised only (group 2). MST in group 1 was longer than in group 2 (594 vs 458 days), but no significant difference was found (P = .57); a statistical difference was, however, found for DFI (232 vs 183 days, P = .008). In the subpopulation of vaccinated dogs, the impact of adjuvant anti-CSPG4 DNA electrovaccination was then evaluated (curative intent, group 3, vs marginal, group 4); a significant difference for both MST (1333 vs 470 days, respectively, P = .03) and DFI (324 vs 184 days, respectively, P = .008) was found. Progressive disease was significantly more common in dogs undergoing marginal excision than curative intent excision for both the overall population (P = .03) and the vaccinated dogs (P = .02). This study pointed out that, after staging, wide excision together with adjuvant immunotherapy was an effective approach for canine oral malignant melanoma.

中文翻译：

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治愈意图与边缘切除作为口腔恶性黑色素瘤犬首次治疗结果的差异以及辅助 CSPG4-DNA 电疫苗接种的影响：155 例回顾性研究

犬口腔恶性黑色素瘤具有局部侵袭性和高度转移性。目前，局部控制的最佳选择是整体切除，如果切除边缘不完整，则进行放射治疗。此外，化学疗法的作用值得怀疑，而免疫疗法似乎令人鼓舞。这项回顾性研究评估了在单一机构管理的 155 只患有口腔恶性黑色素瘤的狗（24 只 I 期、54 只 II 期、66 只 III 期和 11 只 IV 期）。目的是评估狗之间中位生存时间 (MST) 和无病间隔 (DFI) 的差异，这些狗在就诊时接受了根治性手术治疗（第 1 组）与仅边缘切除的狗（第 2 组）。第 1 组的 MST 比第 2 组长（594 天 vs 458 天），但未发现显着差异（P = .57); 然而，发现 DFI 存在统计学差异（232 天 vs 183 天，P  = .008）。在接种疫苗的犬亚群中，评估辅助抗 CSPG4 DNA 电疫苗接种的影响（治疗意图，第 3 组，对边缘，第 4 组）；发现MST（分别为 1333 对 470 天，P  = .03）和 DFI（分别为 324 对 184 天，P  = .008）有显着差异。在总体人群（P  = .03）和接种疫苗的犬（P = .02)。本研究指出，分期后，广泛切除联合辅助免疫治疗是治疗犬口腔恶性黑色素瘤的有效方法。