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Clinical, pathologic, and toxicologic characterization of Salvia reflexa (lance-leaf sage) poisoning in cattle fed contaminated hay
The Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-10 , DOI: 10.1177/1040638721995784
Kip E Panter 1 , Bryan L Stegelmeier 1 , Dale R Gardner 1 , Clinton A Stonecipher 1 , Stephen T Lee 1 , Don Kitchen 2 , Adeline Brackett 3 , Charlie Davis 4
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Salvia reflexa (lance-leaf sage)-contaminated alfalfa hay was fed to ~500 mixed-breed beef cattle. Within hours of exposure, nearly half of the cattle developed lethargy, anorexia, depression, and recumbency, followed by bellowing, colic, and death. Even though the uneaten contaminated hay was removed the first day, nearly 100 animals died within the first 48 h. Three of these cattle were examined postmortem, and tissues and hay samples were collected for microscopic and chemical analysis. Several days later, a smaller number of the clinically poisoned cattle developed neurologic disease with aberrant behavior, aggression, icterus, blindness, exhaustion, and death. A total of 165 cattle were fatally poisoned. Poisoned cattle had swollen, dark, mottled livers that had a prominent nutmeg-like lobular pattern on cut section. Histologically, there was severe centrilobular-to-panlobular hepatic necrosis with marked hepatocellular swelling, degeneration, and necrosis. The surviving cattle developed liver disease characterized by altered serum biochemical analyses and microscopic hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis. In subsequent biopsies and analysis, these lesions resolved within 6–7 mo. After confirming toxicity of the hay in cattle, goats, and mice, followed by a mouse bioassay–guided chemical fractionation process, Salvia reflexa was identified as the contaminant in the hay responsible for the hepatotoxicity. S. reflexa has not been reported previously to cause fatal hepatotoxicity in livestock in North America, to our knowledge.



中文翻译:

喂食受污染干草的牛鼠尾草(矛叶鼠尾草)中毒的临床、病理学和毒理学特征

丹参反射(长叶鼠尾草)受污染的苜蓿干草被喂给约 500 头混种肉牛。暴露后数小时内,近一半的牛出现嗜睡、厌食、抑郁和卧床,随后出现吼叫、绞痛和死亡。尽管第一天将未食用的受污染干草移走,但在最初的 48 小时内就有近 100 只动物死亡。其中三头牛在死后进行了检查,并收集了组织和干草样本进行显微镜和化学分析。几天后,少数临床中毒的牛出现了行为异常、攻击性、黄疸、失明、疲惫和死亡的神经系统疾病。共有 165 头牛被毒死。毒牛的肝脏肿胀、发黑、斑驳,在切割部分有明显的肉豆蔻状小叶图案。组织学上,有严重的小叶中心至全小叶肝坏死,肝细胞明显肿胀、变性和坏死。幸存的牛患上了以血清生化分析改变和显微镜下肝细胞变性和坏死为特征的肝病。在随后的活检和分析中,这些病变在 6-7 个月内消退。在确认干草对牛、山羊和小鼠的毒性后,然后进行小鼠生物测定指导的化学分离过程,反射鼠尾草被确定为干草中的污染物,导致肝毒性。据我们所知,以前没有报道过S. reflexa在北美对牲畜造成致命的肝毒性。

更新日期:2021-03-10
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