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Neural activation of anxiety and depression in children and young people: A systematic meta-analysis of fMRI studies
Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-10 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111272
Emma Ashworth , Samantha J. Brooks , Helgi B. Schiöth

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies consistently demonstrate altered neural activation in youth experiencing anxiety and depression in a way that is distinct from adult-onset disorders. However, there is a paucity of research systematically reviewing this, and no meta-analyses have been conducted using Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE). The present study conducted a systematic literature search to identify fMRI studies in youth (age 4–18) with depression or anxiety disorders. 48 studies with over 2000 participants were identified that met the inclusion criteria. Significant foci were extracted. Five ALE meta-analyses were conducted: a) activation for both anxiety disorders and depression; b) activation for anxiety disorders only; c) activation for depression only; d) deactivation for both anxiety disorders and depression; e) deactivation for depression. Results indicated significant clusters of increased activation in the bilateral amygdala for youth with internalising disorders, and specifically for those with anxiety disorders. Significant increased activation extended into the dorsal anterior cingulate, entorhinal cortex, the putamen, and the medial and lateral globus pallidus in youth with anxiety disorders. These findings help to detail the nature of anxiety being an amygdala hyperactivity disorder, whilst also defining the distinction between neural activation patterns in anxiety and depression.



中文翻译:

儿童和年轻人的焦虑和抑郁情绪的神经激活:功能磁共振成像研究的系统性荟萃分析

功能磁共振成像(fMRI)研究始终证明,与成年人发作的疾病不同,患有焦虑和抑郁症的年轻人的神经激活发生了改变。但是,目前尚缺乏系统地对此进行审查的研究,并且尚未使用激活可能性估计(ALE)进行荟萃分析。本研究进行了系统的文献检索,以鉴定患有抑郁症或焦虑症的青年(4至18岁)的功能磁共振成像研究。确定了48项研究,超过2000名参与者符合入选标准。提取了重要的病灶。进行了五项ALE荟萃分析:a)焦虑症和抑郁症的激活;b)仅针对焦虑症激活;c)仅针对抑郁症进行激活;d)因焦虑症和抑郁而失活;e)停用抑郁症。结果表明,患有内化性疾病的年轻人,特别是患有焦虑症的年轻人,双侧杏仁核的激活明显增强。在患有焦虑症的青年中,激活的显着增加延伸至背前扣带回,内嗅皮层,壳状核以及苍白球内侧和外侧。这些发现有助于详细说明焦虑症是一种杏仁多动症,同时也定义了焦虑症和抑郁症中神经激活模式之间的区别。在患有焦虑症的青年中,激活的显着增加延伸至背前扣带回,内嗅皮层,壳状核以及苍白球内侧和外侧。这些发现有助于详细说明焦虑症是一种杏仁多动症,同时也定义了焦虑症和抑郁症中神经激活模式之间的区别。在患有焦虑症的青年中,激活的显着增加延伸至背前扣带回,内嗅皮层,壳状核以及苍白球内侧和外侧。这些发现有助于详细说明焦虑症是一种杏仁多动症,同时也定义了焦虑症和抑郁症中神经激活模式之间的区别。

更新日期:2021-03-15
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