ABSTRACT

This paper analyses tourism-related transformations in Habana Vieja, the historic district of Cuba’s capital Havana, over the last three decades. It demonstrates the political background that fostered touristic development in Cuba besides its socio-cultural and economic consequences. While the expansion of tourism and the creation of private and market-based touristic segments were economic necessities in times of crisis, they also had negative impacts on the dwellers of Habana Vieja, such as increasing inequalities, the redistribution of social positions and opportunities as well as new forms of marginalisation. Our research indicates that the Office of the City Historian plays an outstanding role in both, Habana Vieja's restoration and touristification. Furthermore, we show that tourism's economic opportunities are spatially distributed unevenly, entailing increasing inequalities and dissatisfaction among the populace. Residents of tourism-favoured areas can even be affected by top-down displacements, excluding them from possibilities to earn decent incomes in tourism.

摘要

本文分析了古巴首都哈瓦那的历史街区哈瓦那别哈在过去三年中与旅游业相关的转变。它展示了促进古巴旅游发展的政治背景，以及其社会文化和经济后果。虽然在危机时期扩大旅游业以及建立私人和基于市场的旅游部门是经济必需品，但它们也对哈瓦那老城的居民产生了负面影响，例如不平等加剧、社会地位和机会的重新分配作为新形式的边缘化。我们的研究表明，城市历史学家办公室在哈瓦那老城的修复和旅游化方面都发挥了重要作用。此外，我们表明旅游' 经济机会在空间上分布不均，加剧了不平等和民众的不满。旅游热门地区的居民甚至会受到自上而下的流离失所的影响，使他们无法在旅游业中获得体面的收入。