ABSTRACT

Incoterms® define obligations, risks and costs that each of the seller and buyer must incur in the movement of the goods for a trade. New versions are issued when deemed necessary by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and are aimed at including new trade realities and fostering trade. A new version Incoterms® 2020 is now available to replace the previous version, namely Incoterms® 2010. The research using Construct Clarity theory shows there are issues with the Incoterms® 2020 both as to the holistic ability to cover all trade as well as in the individual Incoterms® themselves. These issues are analysed in detail and, based on this research, the authors synthesize these into the reasoned aspects the Incoterms® drafting committee missed to further improve the Incoterms® rules. The authors extend this research and present the improvements that could be achieved in a future issue of the Incoterms® rules.

摘要

Incoterms® 定义了买卖双方在贸易货物运输中必须承担的义务、风险和成本。国际商会 (ICC) 认为有必要时会发布新版本，旨在纳入新的贸易现实并促进贸易。一个新版本的 Incoterms® 2020 现在可以取代之前的版本，即 Incoterms® 2010。使用 Construct Clarity 理论的研究表明，Incoterms® 2020 在涵盖所有贸易的整体能力以及在个人 Incoterms® 本身。对这些问题进行了详细分析，并基于这项研究，作者将这些问题综合为 Incoterms® 起草委员会未能进一步改进 Incoterms® 规则的合理方面。