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Even experienced phone users drive worse while texting – A driving simulator study
Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour ( IF 4.349 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2021.02.007
Mark Vollrath , Caroline Clifford , Anja Katharina Huemer

Several studies have clearly shown that texting on a mobile phone increases crash risk (e.g. Dingus et al., 2006; Victor et al., 2014). However, the frequency of texting while driving still remains high (e.g. Vollrath, Huemer, Teller & Likhacheva, 2016). One reason may be that drivers are convinced that they are able to manage this dual task due to their competency in driving and texting. From a theoretical point of view, this may be true within limits – two well-learned, automatically processed tasks may require so few resources most of the time that interferences may not occur.

In order to test this assumption, a study with a standardized driving simulator task (the lane change task, LCT; Mattes, 2003) was done with n = 40 drivers selected for their driving experience and tested for their texting abilities. The effect of driving experience (high vs. low) and texting competence (high vs. low) on driving performance was examined in single (driving only) and dual-task (driving and texting) conditions. Additionally, a subjective assessment of one’s task performance was obtained. Texting on the mobile phone significantly impaired driving performance. While driving experience did not have an influence, the deteriorating effect of texting was significantly less pronounced in highly competent phone users. Interestingly, this objective effect was not found in the subjective assessment. Drivers with a high texting competence felt as impaired as drivers with a low texting competence. This is in line with the finding that even in this simple driving task their performance was still significantly deteriorated as compared to driving, only. Thus, it seems that the reason why people text while driving is not that they are not aware of the performance loss. However, this awareness of the possible risk does not seem sufficient to prevent them from texting while driving.



中文翻译:

即使是经验丰富的电话用户,在发短信时也会变得更糟–驾驶模拟器研究

多项研究清楚地表明,在手机上发短信会增加撞车的风险(例如,Dingus等人,2006; Victor等人,2014)。但是,开车时发短信的频率仍然很高(例如,Vollrath,Huemer,Teller和Likhacheva,2016年)。原因之一可能是,由于驾驶员具有驾驶和发短信的能力,他们深信他们能够完成这项双重任务。从理论的角度来看,这在一定范围内可能是正确的–两项经常学习的,自动处理的任务在大多数情况下可能只需要很少的资源,以至于不会发生干扰。

为了检验这一假设,我们进行了一项标准化驾驶模拟器任务(车道变更任务,LCT; Mattes,2003年)的研究,选择了n = 40位驾驶员作为其驾驶经验并对其短信能力进行了测试。在单(仅驾驶)和双任务(驾驶和发短信)条件下,研究了驾驶经验(高与低)和发短信能力(高与低)对驾驶性能的影响。此外,获得了一个人的任务绩效的主观评估。在手机上发短信会严重损害驾驶性能。虽然驾驶经验没有影响,但是在能力强的电话用户中发短信的恶化效果明显不明显。有趣的是,在主观评估中没有发现这种客观效果。发短信能力高的驾驶员与发短信能力低的驾驶员一样受损。这与以下发现是一致的:即使在这种简单的驾驶任务中,与驾驶相比,它们的性能仍然显着下降。因此,似乎人们在开车时发短信的原因并不是他们没有意识到性能损失。但是,这种潜在风险的意识似乎不足以防止他们在开车时发短信。

更新日期:2021-03-09
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