Health and human service providers who aid traumatized individuals frequently experience vicarious trauma (VT). Although VT plays a critical role in service providers’ mental health and well-being, as well as in the quality of their service provision, little information is available concerning the development and implementation of VT interventions for service providers. To advance the development of evidence in this area, we undertook a scoping review in which we reviewed existing interventions intended to address VT among service providers working with traumatized clients. Searches of electronic databases were conducted to identify studies published in peer-reviewed journals, with no date restrictions. Over 1,315 citations were reviewed, and a total of 27 studies were included in the final review. The findings show that VT interventions in the literature can be divided broadly into four categories: psychoeducation, mindfulness intervention, art and recreational programs, and alternative medicine therapy. The VT interventions reviewed generally showed promise in their key outcomes, including reductions in secondary trauma stress, compassion fatigue, burnout, and other mental health outcomes. However, the current body of research is lacking both in rigor and in specificity regarding the definition of VT. Furthermore, existing VT interventions are generally self-care based and tend to focus on general stress management rather than addressing the specific effects of VT. Therefore, we call for an increase in efforts to tailor VT interventions to different service settings and participant characteristics, as well as greater attention to developing primary VT interventions at the organizational level.

帮助受创伤者的健康和人类服务提供者经常经历替代性创伤 (VT)。尽管 VT 在服务提供者的心理健康和福祉以及服务质量方面起着至关重要的作用，但关于为服务提供者制定和实施 VT 干预措施的信息很少。为了推进这一领域证据的发展，我们进行了范围界定审查，审查了旨在解决与受创客户打交道的服务提供者之间的 VT 的现有干预措施。对电子数据库进行了搜索，以确定在同行评审期刊上发表的研究，没有日期限制。审阅了超过 1,315 篇引文，最终审阅了总共 27 项研究。研究结果表明，文献中的 VT 干预大致可分为四类：心理教育、正念干预、艺术和娱乐项目以及替代医学疗法。所审查的 VT 干预措施通常在其主要结果中显示出希望，包括减少继发性创伤压力、同情疲劳、倦怠和其他心理健康结果。然而，目前的研究机构对 VT 的定义缺乏严谨性和特异性。此外，现有的 VT 干预措施通常以自我保健为基础，并且往往侧重于一般压力管理，而不是解决 VT 的特定影响。因此，我们呼吁加大力度针对不同的服务环境和参与者特征量身定制 VT 干预措施，