Abstract

The increase in urbanization and climate change brings new challenges to the cities’ sustainability and resilience, mainly related to flood and drought events. Among these challenges, it can be highlighted the physical and health damage to the population, interruption of water, energy and food supply services, damage to basic infrastructure, economic losses and contamination of urban rivers. To contribute to the increase of resilience in urban centers, LID practices have been used as a new approach of mitigation and adaptation within urban drainage systems, aiming at runoff retention, peak flow attenuation, pollutant removal and ecosystem services restoration (e.g., resources recycling, carbon sequestration, thermal comfort and landscape integration). These different mitigation purposes and complementary benefits provided by LID practices can be related to the different Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) presented by the United Nations (UN), to achieve countries’ systemic sustainability. The identification of local techniques that contribute to the different SDG helps to achieve their territorialization and application as public policy. Therefore, this paper presents a literature review, categorizing the studies into different generations based on their main application purpose and presents a linkage of the LID benefits to different SDG. Some challenges were identified requiring further investigation, such as the need to identify and quantify the energy demands for LID practices maintenance and their incorporation in the system final energy balance, identification of processes that contribute to carbon sequestration and emission, and risks of emerging pollutants for human health from water reuse and nutrient cycling for sustainable agriculture.

摘要

城市化进程的加快和气候变化给城市的可持续性和复原力带来了新的挑战，主要与洪水和干旱事件有关。在这些挑战中，可以突出对人口的身体和健康损害、水、能源和食品供应服务的中断、基础设施的破坏、经济损失和城市河流的污染。为了提高城市中心的复原力，LID 实践已被用作城市排水系统中缓解和适应的一种新方法，旨在保持径流、峰值流量衰减、污染物去除和生态系统服务恢复（例如，资源回收、碳封存、热舒适和景观整合）。LID 实践提供的这些不同的缓解目的和互补效益可以与联合国 (UN) 提出的不同可持续发展目标 (SDG) 相关联，以实现各国的系统可持续性。识别有助于不同可持续发展目标的当地技术有助于实现其领土化和作为公共政策的应用。因此，本文介绍了文献综述，根据研究的主要应用目的将研究分为不同的世代，并提出了 LID 益处与不同 SDG 的联系。确定了一些需要进一步调查的挑战，例如需要识别和量化 LID 实践维护的能源需求并将其纳入系统最终能源平衡，