Introduction

Older women have been widely found to be especially disadvantaged when it comes to mobility and this has been linked to negative effects on health and well-being. This study investigates and identifies factors linked to risk of mobility deficiency among older minority women in the U.S.

Methods

This study investigated older minority women age 65+ (N = 4,565) from the 2017 U.S. National Household Travel Survey, a national sample from all 50 States, with a negative binomial regression and Cragg's exponential hurdle regression.

Results

About 24% of the older minority women in the survey made no out-of-home trips on the survey day and hence had a zero travel distance, the highest such fraction among the older population. Older minority women are found especially at risk of transportation deficiency if they do not drive an automobile themselves, have low household income, are not highly educated, and live in rural areas.

Conclusion

Better access to services and facilities in higher density areas is important to reduce mobility deficiency of older minority women. Older women who walk are linked to higher trip frequency but shorter distances. While facilitating safe driving, is an instrument to maintain mobility for older minority women, this study shows that older minority women in rural areas need special attention. Particular concern is needed for foreign-born older minority women and those with lower education levels as both groups are likely to have unmet mobility needs. Similarly, the older minority women in the lowest income brackets are especially vulnerable to transportation deficiency.

中文翻译：

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待在家里或去的地方：美国老年女性日常出行的流动性因素

介绍

人们普遍认为，老年妇女在行动不便方面尤其处于不利地位，这与对健康和福祉的负面影响有关。这项研究调查并确定了与美国老年少数民族妇女行动不便的风险相关的因素

方法

这项研究调查了来自2017年美国全国家庭旅行调查的65岁以上年龄较大的少数族裔妇女（N = 4,565），该调查来自所有50个州，其二项式回归为负且Cragg的指数跨度回归为负。

结果

在调查当天，约有24％的老年妇女没有出门旅行，因此旅行距离为零，在老年人口中这一比例最高。如果发现年龄较大的少数族裔妇女自己不开车，家庭收入低，未受过高等教育，生活在农村地区，则特别容易出现交通不便的风险。

结论

在较高密度的地区提供更好的服务和设施，对于减少老年妇女的行动不便至关重要。步行的老年妇女与较高的出行频率但距离较短有关。这项研究表明，在促进安全驾驶的同时，这是维持老年妇女流动性的一种手段，但农村地区的老年妇女需要特别注意。外国出生的老年少数民族妇女和受教育程度较低的妇女需要特别关注，因为这两个群体都可能需要满足未满足的出行需求。同样，收入最低的少数民族妇女特别容易受到运输不足的影响。