The sorting of secreted cargo proteins and their export from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) remains an enigma in the field of membrane trafficking; although the sorting mechanisms of many transmembrane proteins have been well described. The sorting of secreted proteins at the TGN is crucial for the release of signaling factors, as well as extracellular matrix proteins. These proteins are required for cell–cell communication and integrity of an organism. Missecretion of these factors can cause diseases such as neurological disorders, autoimmune disease, or cancer. The major open question is how soluble proteins that are not associated with the membrane are packed into TGN derived transport carriers to facilitate their transport to the plasma membrane. Recent investigations have identified novel types of protein and lipid machinery that facilitate the packing of these molecules into a TGN derived vesicle. In addition, novel research has uncovered an exciting link between cargo sorting and export in which TGN structure and dynamics, as well as TGN/endoplasmic reticulum contact sites, play a significant role. Here, we have reviewed the progress made in our understanding of these processes.

分泌的货物蛋白的分类及其从跨高尔基体网络（TGN）的输出仍然是膜运输领域的一个谜。尽管许多跨膜蛋白的分选机制已被很好地描述。TGN 分泌蛋白的分类对于信号因子以及细胞外基质蛋白的释放至关重要。这些蛋白质是细胞间通讯和生物体完整性所必需的。这些因子的错误分泌会导致神经系统疾病、自身免疫性疾病或癌症等疾病。主要的悬而未决的问题是如何将不与膜结合的可溶性蛋白质包装到 TGN 衍生的运输载体中以促进其运输到质膜。最近的研究发现了新型蛋白质和脂质机制，可促进这些分子包装到 TGN 衍生的囊泡中。此外，新的研究发现货物分拣和出口之间存在令人兴奋的联系，其中 TGN 结构和动力学以及 TGN/内质网接触位点发挥着重要作用。在这里，我们回顾了我们对这些过程的理解所取得的进展。