The ectoparasite Varroa (Acari: Varroidae) is considered to be the main pest of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) in Nicaragua. The aim of this study was to determine morphotypes and mitochondrial haplotypes of the Varroa mites, related to infestation levels in A. mellifera hives in Nicaragua in a cross-sectional study (2013–2016). Samples were taken from 34 sentinel apiaries in five geographical zones; from 713 Varroa females collected during the study, 153 were selected for measurement of various morphometric characters for further classification into morphotypes. The mitochondrial haplotype was assigned to one of the two (Korean or Japanese), using the restriction by SacI of the PCR product of a fragment of the gene CO-I. Morphometric measurement and sequencing revealed the affiliation to the species Varroa destructor with a mean (± SD) body width of 1699.1 ± 60.2 µm and a body length of 1161.1 ± 34.9 µm. Body characters were significantly different among the 34 apiaries. Varroa destructor samples were classified into four morphotypes, with no significant differences in the geographical zones. As GAGCTC SacI enzyme cleavage sequences were not observed, all PCR products were identified as V. destructor Korean haplotype. The CO-I gene nucleotide sequences from two samples V. destructor showed both 100% similarity with the Korean haplotype and 99.8% similarity to the Japanese haplotype. Although the V. destructor mite was identified as a Korean haplotype, host-parasite association in 2 decades has led into a balance without entering into severe losses in the Nicaraguan apiculture.

体外寄生虫瓦螨（蜱螨亚纲：Varroidae）被认为是蜜蜂的主要害虫（意大利蜜蜂L.）在尼加拉瓜。这项研究的目的是在横断面研究（2013-2016年）中确定与尼加拉瓜的A. mellifera蜂箱的侵染水平有关的Varroa螨的形态和线粒体单倍型。样品是从五个地理区域的34个哨兵蜂场中采集的；从713 Varroa在研究过程中收集的女性中，有153名被选择用于测量各种形态特征，以进一步分类为形态型。使用SacI限制基因CO-1的片段的PCR产物，将线粒体单倍型分配给两个（韩国或日本）之一。形态计量学测量和测序结果表明，该菌隶属于Varroa破坏物种，其平均（±SD）体宽为1699.1±60.2 µm，体长为1161.1±34.9 µm。在34个养蜂场中，肢体特征显着不同。Varroa破坏物样本分为四种形态型，地理区域无显着差异。由于未观察到GAGCTC SacI酶切割序列，因此所有PCR产物均被鉴定为V.析构韩国单倍型。来自两个样品V.destructor的CO-1基因核苷酸序列显示出与韩国单倍型的100％相似性和与日本单倍型的99.8％相似性。尽管破灭弧菌螨是韩国的单倍型，但宿主和寄生虫的结合在20年中就达到了平衡，而尼加拉瓜养蜂业并未遭受重大损失。