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Natural Intertidal Oyster Reef Growth Across Two Landscape Settings and Tidal Ranges
Estuaries and Coasts ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s12237-021-00925-2
Molly C. Bost , Antonio B. Rodriguez , Justin T. Ridge , Carson B. Miller , Stephen R. Fegley

Intertidal oyster reefs are typically restored to offset the loss of reef-associated ecosystem services (e.g., improved water quality, shoreline stabilization, and fish habitat), but the scale of enhanced services is predicated on the health and growth of the restored reef. Previous work on young (<15 years) restored reefs showed the highest growth rates along the sides of reefs where they are aerially exposed 20–40% of the time, but much is still unknown about how those positions in the tidal frame change with landscape setting, tidal range, and reef maturity. This study compared the area of maximum growth among 12 natural intertidal reefs in coastal North Carolina that range between 1395 and 62 years old. The reefs include fringing and patch landscape settings in each of two estuaries with tidal ranges of 0.94 m and 1.51 m. Peak growth rates were similar among landscape and tidal settings and were faster than the rate of sea-level rise (SLR) indicating intertidal reef resilience to accelerating SLR. Flow baffling associated with fringing reefs and higher summer air temperatures in the southern estuary likely contributed to a lower position of the optimal growth zone, where growth rates are highest, in the tidal frame. Intertidal reef growth manifests differently across the range of aerial exposures at varying stages of maturity. Once reefs reached ~50 years old, the elevation of the reef crests equilibrated to ~60–70% aerial exposure and peak growth rates stabilized between 2 and 4 cm year−1 at ~50% aerial exposure. These results are a useful guide for identifying areas and cultch configurations that optimize reef growth rates, enhancing the probability for self-sustaining restored reefs.



中文翻译:

跨两个景观环境和潮汐范围的天然潮间牡蛎礁生长

通常恢复潮间带牡蛎礁以抵消与礁石相关的生态系统服务的丧失(例如,水质改善,海岸线稳定和鱼类栖息地的改善),但增强服务的规模取决于恢复后的礁石的健康和生长。以前对年轻(小于15岁)的珊瑚礁进行的研究显示,沿珊瑚礁的侧面20%至40%的时间处于空中暴露的增长率最高,但是对于潮汐框架中这些位置如何随景观变化的情况仍知之甚少设置,潮汐范围和珊瑚礁成熟度。这项研究比较了北卡罗来纳州沿海的12个天然潮间礁中最大的生长区域,范围在1395至62岁之间。礁石包括潮汐范围为0.94 m和1.51 m的两个河口中的每个河口的边缘和斑块景观设置。风景和潮汐环境中的峰值增长率相似,并且比海平面上升(SLR)的速度快,表明潮间带对加速SLR的适应力。在南部河口,与边缘礁石相关的流量紊乱和夏季较高的气温可能导致潮汐框架中增长率最高的最佳生长区的位置降低。在不同的成熟阶段,潮间礁的生长在不同的空中暴露范围内表现出不同的表现。一旦珊瑚礁达到约50年的历史,礁顶的高度便会平衡到约60-70%的空中暴露,并且峰值增长率在2-4 cm年内稳定下来。在南部河口,与边缘礁石相关的流量紊乱和夏季较高的气温可能导致潮汐框架中增长率最高的最佳生长区的位置降低。在不同的成熟阶段,潮间礁的生长在不同的空中暴露范围内表现出不同的表现。一旦珊瑚礁达到约50年的历史,礁顶的高度便会平衡到约60-70%的空中暴露,并且峰值增长率在2-4 cm年内稳定下来。在南部河口,与边缘礁石相关的流量紊乱和夏季较高的气温可能导致潮汐框架中增长率最高的最佳生长区的位置降低。在不同的成熟阶段,潮间礁的生长在不同的空中暴露范围内表现出不同的表现。一旦珊瑚礁达到约50年的历史,礁顶的高度便会平衡到约60-70%的空中暴露,并且峰值增长率在2-4 cm年内稳定下来。-1在〜50%的空气暴露下。这些结果对于确定可优化礁石生长速率,增加自我维持的礁石形成可能性的区域和教堂构型提供了有用的指导。

更新日期:2021-03-09
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