The city of Tehran faces a severe problem of air pollution, and one of the most harmful pollutants in its ambient air is PM_2.5. The present study aims to estimate the health benefits of reducing PM_2.5 concentration to WHO air quality guideline levels using AirQ+ and BenMAP-CE software tools and subsequently compare their estimations. We statistically analyzed the PM_2.5 concentration in Tehran during 2016–2018. The concentration and mortality data were acquired from Tehran’s air quality monitoring stations and cemetery registry. The number of deaths due to all causes, ischemic heart disease, and lung cancer attributable to PM_2.5 concentration exceeding WHO guideline levels was estimated using both AirQ+ and BenMAP-CE. The annual concentrations of PM_2.5 (~ 31 μg/m³) did not change significantly from 2016 to 2018 and was approximately three times higher than that of the WHO guideline levels. It was estimated that 4165, 4340, and 4498 premature deaths (based on the average output of two software) were associated with PM_2.5 exposure in 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. The results computed using AirQ+ and BenMAP-CE agree well if similar input data is employed. The calculations based on the average concentration and total population of the entire region of study resulted in an underestimation of the health benefits compared to the calculations using the concentration and population of city districts. There are significant health benefits in the reduction of PM_2.5 concentration, and therefore, appropriate mitigation strategies need to be put in place to reduce air pollution. Providing the concentration and population data at higher spatial resolutions in AirQ+ and BenMAP-CE results in more accurate estimates of health benefits.

德黑兰市面临着严重的空气污染问题，其周围空气中最有害的污染物之一是PM _2.5。本研究旨在使用AirQ +和BenMAP-CE软件工具估算将PM _2.5浓度降低到WHO空气质量准则水平的健康益处，并随后比较它们的估算值。我们对2016-2018年德黑兰的PM _2.5浓度进行了统计分析。浓度和死亡率数据是从德黑兰的空气质量监测站和墓地登记处获得的。由PM _2.5引起的所有原因，局部缺血性心脏病和肺癌导致的死亡人数使用AirQ +和BenMAP-CE估算了超过WHO准则水平的药物浓度。从2016年到2018年，PM _2.5（〜31μg/ m ³）的年浓度没有明显变化，大约是WHO准则水平的三倍。据估计，有4165、4340和4498人过早死亡（基于两个软件的平均输出）与PM _2.5相关分别于2016年，2017年和2018年曝光。如果采用类似的输入数据，则使用AirQ +和BenMAP-CE计算的结果非常吻合。与使用市区的浓度和人口进行的计算相比，基于整个研究区域的平均浓度和总人口进行的计算得出的健康效益被低估了。降低PM _2.5浓度具有明显的健康益处，因此，需要采取适当的缓解策略来减少空气污染。在AirQ +和BenMAP-CE中以更高的空间分辨率提供浓度和人口数据，可以更准确地估算出对健康的益处。