Research on political parties and foreign policy has grown in recent years in response to disciplinary and real-world changes. But party research still bears the imprint of earlier scepticism about the role of parties. The result is scholarship which is disaggregated, which avoids difficult cases for parties, and which has focused more on showing that parties matter relative to structural accounts of foreign policy-making. This article takes stock of recent research on political parties, party politics and their role in foreign policy-making. We argue that it is time for party research not only to embrace the question of whether parties matter but also how, when and where they matter. This requires a move away from most-likely cases and the realist foil towards an embrace of the complexity of party positions. Building on International Relations, comparative politics and foreign policy analysis scholarship, we suggest four avenues deserving of greater scholarly focus: 1) ideological multidimensionality; 2) parties as organizations and the role of entrepreneurs; 3) parties as transnational foreign policy actors; and 4) the interaction between parties and the changing global order. We propose how these literatures can help identify new research questions, contribute to theory development and help define scope conditions. This will hopefully help scholars establish benchmarks for judging the efficacy of parties in foreign policy-making.

中文翻译：

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政党场景：外交政策分析中政党研究的新方向

近年来，随着学科和现实世界的变化，对政党和外交政策的研究有所增长。但政党研究仍然带有早期对政党作用的怀疑的烙印。结果是分解的学术研究，它避免了政党的困难案例，并且更多地关注于表明政党相对于外交政策制定的结构性账户的重要性。本文对近期关于政党、政党政治及其在外交政策制定中的作用的研究进行了盘点。我们认为，现在是政党研究的时候了，不仅要接受政党是否重要的​​问题，还要考虑他们如何、何时和何地重要的问题。这需要从最有可能的案例和现实主义的陪衬转向接受党派立场的复杂性。以国际关系为基础，比较政治和外交政策分析学术，我们提出了四个值得更多学术关注的途径：1）意识形态的多维性；2) 当事人作为组织和企业家的作用；3) 作为跨国外交政策参与者的各方；4）各方互动与不断变化的全球秩序。我们建议这些文献如何帮助确定新的研究问题，促进理论发展并帮助定义范围条件。这有望帮助学者们建立判断各方在外交政策制定中的效力的基准。3) 作为跨国外交政策参与者的各方；4）各方互动与不断变化的全球秩序。我们建议这些文献如何帮助确定新的研究问题，促进理论发展并帮助定义范围条件。这有望帮助学者们建立判断各方在外交政策制定中的效力的基准。3) 作为跨国外交政策参与者的各方；4）各方互动与不断变化的全球秩序。我们建议这些文献如何帮助确定新的研究问题，促进理论发展并帮助定义范围条件。这有望帮助学者们建立判断各方在外交政策制定中的效力的基准。