Risk factors at home for ocular, nasal, throat and dermal symptoms, headache, and fatigue were studied in a nationwide questionnaire survey in Sweden, the BETSI study in 2006. Totally, 5775 adults from a stratified random sample of multi-family buildings participated. Associations between home environment factors and weekly symptoms were analyzed by multi-level logistic regression. In total, 8.3% had ocular symptoms; 11.9% nasal symptoms; 7.1% throat symptoms; 11.9% dermal symptoms; 8.5% headache and 23.1% fatigue. Subjects in colder climate zones had more mucosal and throat symptoms but less fatigue and ocular symptoms. Rented apartments had poorer indoor environment than self-owned apartments. Those living in buildings constructed from 1961 to 1985 had most symptoms. Building dampness, mold and mold odor were risk factors, especially headache and ocular symptoms. Lack of mechanical ventilation system was another risk factor, especially for headache. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), electric radiators, and crowdedness were other risk factors. Oiled wooden floors, recent indoor painting, and new floor materials were negatively associated with symptoms. In conclusion, building dampness, mold, poor ventilation conditions, crowdedness, ETS, and emissions from electric radiators in apartments in Sweden can increase the risk of ocular, nasal, throat and dermal symptoms, headache, and fatigue.

中文翻译：

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瑞典全国多户住宅样本中的家庭环境：与成人眼、鼻、喉和皮肤症状、头痛和疲劳的关联

2006 年在瑞典进行的全国性问卷调查，即 BETSI 研究，研究了家中眼、鼻、喉和皮肤症状、头痛和疲劳的危险因素。共有 5775 名来自多户建筑分层随机样本的成年人参与了研究。通过多级逻辑回归分析家庭环境因素与每周症状之间的关联。总共有 8.3% 有眼部症状；11.9% 的鼻部症状；7.1% 喉咙症状；11.9% 皮肤症状；8.5% 的头痛和 23.1% 的疲劳。寒冷气候区的受试者有更多的粘膜和喉咙症状，但疲劳和眼部症状较少。与自有公寓相比，出租公寓的室内环境较差。居住在 1961 年至 1985 年建造的建筑物中的人症状最为严重。建筑物潮湿、霉菌和霉菌气味是危险因素，尤其是头痛和眼部症状。缺乏机械通风系统是另一个危险因素，尤其是头痛。环境烟草烟雾 (ETS)、电散热器和拥挤是其他风险因素。涂油木地板、近期室内油漆和新地板材料与症状呈负相关。总之，瑞典公寓中的建筑潮湿、发霉、通风条件差、拥挤、ETS 以及来自电散热器的排放会增加出现眼、鼻、喉和皮肤症状、头痛和疲劳的风险。新的地板材料与症状呈负相关。总之，瑞典公寓中的建筑潮湿、发霉、通风条件差、拥挤、ETS 以及来自电散热器的排放会增加出现眼、鼻、喉和皮肤症状、头痛和疲劳的风险。新的地板材料与症状呈负相关。总之，瑞典公寓中的建筑潮湿、发霉、通风条件差、拥挤、ETS 以及来自电散热器的排放会增加出现眼、鼻、喉和皮肤症状、头痛和疲劳的风险。