The construction of structures with multiple interfaces and dielectric/magnetic heterostructures enables the design of materials with unique physical and chemical properties, which has aroused intensive interest in scientific and technological fields. Especially, for electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption, enhanced interface polarization and improved impedence match with high Snoek's limitation could be achieved by multiple interfaces and dielectric/magnetic heterostructures, respectively, which are benificial to high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA). However, by far, the principles in the design or construction of structures with multiple interfaces and dielectric/magnetic heterostructures, and the relationships between those structures or heterostructures and their EWA performance have not been fully summarized and reviewed. This article aims to provide a timely review on the research progresses of high-efficency EM wave absorbers with multiple interfaces and dielectric/magnetic heterostructures, focusing on various promising EWA materials. Particularly, EM attenuation mechanisms in those structures with multiple interfaces and dielectric/magnetic heterostructures are discussed and generalized. Furthermore, the changllenges and future developments of EM wave absorbers based on those structures are proposed.

具有多界面和介电/磁性异质结构的结构的构建使设计具有独特物理和化学性质的材料成为可能，这引起了科学和技术领域的强烈兴趣。特别是，对于电磁 (EM) 波吸收，可以通过多个界面和介电/磁性异质结构分别实现增强的界面极化和改善的阻抗匹配以及高 Snoek 的限制，这有利于高效电磁波吸收 (EWA)。然而，迄今为止，具有多个界面和介电/磁性异质结构的结构的设计或构建原则，以及这些结构或异质结构与其 EWA 性能之间的关系尚未得到充分的总结和回顾。本文旨在及时回顾具有多界面和介电/磁性异质结构的高效电磁波吸收器的研究进展，重点关注各种有前景的EWA材料。特别地，讨论和概括了具有多个界面和介电/磁性异质结构的那些结构中的 EM 衰减机制。此外，提出了基于这些结构的电磁波吸收器的变化和未来发展。讨论并概括了具有多个界面和介电/磁性异质结构的结构中的 EM 衰减机制。此外，提出了基于这些结构的电磁波吸收器的变化和未来发展。讨论并概括了具有多个界面和介电/磁性异质结构的结构中的 EM 衰减机制。此外，提出了基于这些结构的电磁波吸收器的变化和未来发展。