Flowering time in crops is an important agronomic character and is closely related to yield. However, the molecular mechanisms of flowering regulation in rapeseed remain elusive. In the current study, we report a rapeseed mutant with an early flowering (eaf) phenotype. The results of field observation showed that the flowering time of the mutant was about 18 days earlier than that of the wild type (WT, Zhongshuang 11), but there were no significant differences in other agronomic characters. Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that flowering and hormone-related proteins and genes were significantly differentially expressed between WT and eaf, indicating that the differential expression of flowering and hormone-related genes may be the main reason for early flowering in the mutant. Besides, the up-regulation of stress-related genes in the eaf mutant may be another possible reason of the mutant’s early flowering. Taken together, our findings provide a clue for dissecting the molecular mechanisms of early flowering in the mutant, and also potential materials for rapeseed molecular biology research.

作物的开花时间是重要的农艺性状，与产量密切相关。然而，油菜开花调控的分子机制仍然难以捉摸。在当前的研究中，我们报告了具有早期开花（eaf）表型的油菜突变体。田间观察结果表明，该突变体的开花时间比野生型（WT，中双11）早了18天，但其他农艺性状没有明显差异。蛋白质组学和转录组分析表明，开花和激素相关的蛋白质和基因显著差异WT之间表达电炉，表明开花和激素相关基因的差异表达可能是突变体中早期开花的主要原因。此外，eaf突变体中与胁迫相关的基因的上调可能是突变体早期开花的另一个可能原因。综上所述，我们的发现为剖析突变体中早期开花的分子机制提供了线索，也为油菜籽分子生物学研究提供了潜在的材料。