To cater to the needs of energy sustainability and conservation, reuse of decomposed leaves from trees could reap benefits to biosynthesize nanoparticles that might play a very significant role in the convective performance of nanofluids. Azadirachta indica (neem) possesses capping and reducing agents can assist in fluid stability besides providing good thermal transport behavior in nanofluids. Hence, the synthesis of neem-assisted zinc oxide (ZnO_neem) nanoparticles aids in evaluating the role of neem in the thermo-hydraulic behavior as nanofluids. The synthesized particles were 36 nm in size as per the Debye Scherrer relation. Nanofluid samples under particle volume concentrations, ϕ (%) of 0.05, 0.2, and 0.6 with ethylene glycol:water (50:50) as base fluid, were prepared. The optimized stability without surfactants was retrieved by stirring and sonicating at different periods. Convective experiments were done by pumping the fluid turbulently (Re=5000 to 10000) through a circular tube with twisted tape inserts (twist ratio, Y=6, 8, and 10) annexed within it. It was evident that the highest performance evaluation factor (PEF) for ZnO_neem was 1.385 while the ZnO_pure was 1.289. Though the trade-off existed between the convective performance and frictional drag with ϕ =0.05% ZnO_pure nanofluid, it did not exist in the case of ZnO_neem nanofluid.

为了满足能源可持续性和节约的需要，从树木中分解叶的再利用可以为生物合成的纳米颗粒带来好处，这些纳米颗粒可能在纳米流体的对流性能中发挥非常重要的作用。印（印em）具有封端剂和还原剂，除了在纳米流体中提供良好的热传递行为外，还有助于流体的稳定性。因此，印ne辅助氧化锌（ZnO_印em）纳米颗粒的合成有助于评估印em在热工行为中作为纳米流体的作用。根据Debye Scherrer关系，合成的颗粒尺寸为36 nm。纳米流体样品在颗粒体积浓度下，ϕ制备以乙二醇：水（50∶50）为基础液的（％）0.05、0.2和0.6。通过在不同时期进行搅拌和超声处理，可以获得不含表面活性剂的最佳稳定性。对流实验是通过将流体湍流地泵入（Re = 5000至10000）通过带有扭曲带插入物（扭曲比，Y = 6、8和10）的圆管进行的。显然，ZnO_印em的最高性能评估因子（PEF）为1.385，而ZnO_纯度为1.289。虽然权衡对流性能和摩擦阻力之间存在φ = 0.05％的ZnO_纯纳米流体，它并没有在ZnO的情况下，存在_楝 纳米流体。