The preservation of DNA has attracted significant interest of scientists in diverse research fields from ancient biological remains to the information field. In light of the different DNA safekeeping requirements (e.g., storage time, storage conditions) in these disparate fields, scientists have proposed distinct methods to maintain the DNA integrity. Specifically, DNA data storage is an emerging research, which means that the binary digital information is converted to the sequences of nucleotides leading to dense and durable data storage in the form of synthesized DNA. The intact preservation of DNA plays a significant role because it is closely related to data integrity. This review discusses DNA preservation methods, aiming to confirm an appropriate one for synthetic oligonucleotides in DNA data storage. First, we analyze the impact factors of the DNA long-term storage, including the intrinsic stability of DNA, environmental factors, and storage methods. Then, the benefits and disadvantages of diverse conservation approaches (e.g., encapsulation-free, chemical encapsulation) are discussed. Finally, we provide advice for storing non-genetic information in DNA in vitro. We expect these preservation suggestions to promote further research that may extend the DNA storage time.

The bibliography includes 99 references.

从古代生物遗骸到信息领域，DNA 的保存引起了各个研究领域科学家的极大兴趣。根据不同的 DNA 保管要求（例如.，储存时间，储存条件）在这些不同的领域，科学家们提出了不同的方法来保持 DNA 的完整性。具体而言，DNA 数据存储是一项新兴研究，这意味着将二进制数字信息转换为核苷酸序列，从而以合成 DNA 的形式进行密集且持久的数据存储。DNA 的完整保存起着重要作用，因为它与数据完整性密切相关。这篇综述讨论了 DNA 保存方法，旨在确定一种适合用于 DNA 数据存储中的合成寡核苷酸的方法。首先，我们分析了DNA长期储存的影响因素，包括DNA的内在稳定性、环境因素和储存方式。然后，不同保护方法的利弊（例如.，无封装，化学封装）进行了讨论。最后，我们提供了在体外将非遗传信息存储在 DNA 中的建议。我们希望这些保存建议能够促进可能延长 DNA 存储时间的进一步研究。

参考书目包括 99 篇参考文献。