Companies increasingly tender knowledge-intensive tasks using crowdsourcing platforms to gain access to scarce knowledge and skills otherwise out of reach, and in this way, gaining competitive advantage. Despite its potential, existing crowdsourcing platforms encounter several challenges, including (1) fragmentation of expertise, as there are many platforms, (2) distrust between task providers and crowdsourcing participants, as identity and past performance are often not known, and (3) inability to learn from experience due to a lack of openness. A reference architecture for blockchain-based knowledge-intensive crowdsourcing platforms to mediate transactions between demand and supply of knowledge is designed in this paper to overcome these challenges. A design science research method is followed to develop the architecture. The reference architecture shows how blockchain and smart contract components can be integrated to support and coordinate knowledge-intensive crowdsourcing activities. By removing traditional e-commerce intermediaries, blockchain reduces search friction, knowledge transfer costs, and cheating by task providers or crowdsourcing participants.

中文翻译：

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基于区块链的众包平台的参考架构

公司越来越多地使用众包平台投标知识密集型任务，以获取稀缺的知识和技能，而这些知识和技能本来是遥不可及的，并因此获得了竞争优势。尽管具有潜力，现有众包平台仍面临一些挑战，其中包括：（1）平台众多，专业知识分散化；（2）任务提供者与众包参与者之间的不信任，因为通常不了解身份和过去的表现；（3）由于缺乏开放性而无法从经验中学习。本文设计了一种基于区块链的知识密集型众包平台的参考体系结构，以在知识的供求之间进行中介，以克服这些挑战。遵循设计科学研究方法来开发体系结构。参考架构显示了如何将区块链和智能合约组件集成在一起，以支持和协调知识密集型众包活动。通过消除传统的电子商务中介，区块链减少了搜索摩擦，知识转移成本以及任务提供者或众包参与者的作弊行为。