ABSTRACT

In this study, 28 strains of filamentous fungi were isolated from soil that were historically contaminated with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs; northern France). These fungal isolates were selected for their ability to use hexadecane as the sole carbon source and for hydrophobic molecule behavior. Six strains produced significant dry biomass (> 25 mg) on hexadecane: Paecilomyces carneus, Penicillium brasilianum, Absidia glauca, Lecanicillium lecanii, Mortierella minutissima, and Bionectria ochroleuca. In a second experiment, P. brasilianum and F. solani were tested for their ability to dissipate 17 PCDD/F congeners in non-sterile contaminated soil microcosms using olive oil as an unconventional carbon source. After two months of incubation, P. brasilianum significantly reduced the soils’ toxicity equivalency (TEQ) by 35%. The F. solani treatment led to a significant reduction (approximately 25%) in PCDD/F concentrations. Statistical agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis indicated that using cardboard as a growing medium and bulking agent is more efficient than using poplar wood. As fungal dioxin dissipation can involve the production of reactive oxygen species or fungal P450-like enzymes, the potential role of these mechanisms deserve further study. However, the proposed approach could allow the development of cost-effective and eco-friendly (low technology) techniques to maintain the integrity of soils.

摘要

在这项研究中，丝状真菌的28个菌株从土壤中在历史沾染多氯二苯并分离p（;法国北部PCDD / FS）-dioxins和二苯并呋喃。选择这些真菌分离株是因为它们能够使用十六烷作为唯一碳源并具有疏水性分子行为。六株在十六烷上产生显着的干生物量（> 25 mg）：肉质拟青霉、巴西青霉、青霉、蜡蚧、被孢霉和绿藻。在第二个实验中，P. brasilianum和F. solani使用橄榄油作为非常规碳源，测试了它们在非无菌污染土壤微观世界中消散 17 种 PCDD/F 同系物的能力。经过两个月的孵化，P. brasilianum将土壤的毒性当量 (TEQ) 显着降低了 35%。将茄病镰刀菌处理导致 PCDD/F 浓度显着降低（约 25%）。统计凝聚层次聚类分析表明，使用纸板作为生长介质和填充剂比使用杨木更有效。由于真菌二恶英耗散可能涉及活性氧或真菌 P450 样酶的产生，因此这些机制的潜在作用值得进一步研究。然而，提议的方法可以允许开发具有成本效益和生态友好（低技术）的技术来保持土壤的完整性。