ABSTRACT

Water crises have risen over the past decade. In the Brazilian context, extreme events have intensified over the country, undermining water systems in regions that already face water shortages. Although previous studies have focussed on individual regions of Brazil, an overview of the entire country will contribute to developing a national action plan for mitigating water inequalities. Therefore, we reviewed and analysed water security in Brazil, presenting a diagnosis focussed on the peculiarities of each geographic region and hydrographic area. One of the biggest threats is the slow pace towards a robust policy for strengthening national water security. As shown here, water security depends on several variables such as availability, quality, and external factors such as climate forcing and anthropogenic pressure. Therefore, water governance needs to integrate human needs with ecosystem functioning, considering climate uncertainties to move towards better water resources planning.

摘要

在过去的十年中，水危机上升了。在巴西，极端事件在全国范围内愈演愈烈，破坏了已经面临缺水地区的供水系统。尽管以前的研究集中在巴西的各个地区，但对整个国家的概述将有助于制定减轻水不平等现象的国家行动计划。因此，我们回顾并分析了巴西的水安全状况，提出了针对每个地理区域和水文地理区域的特殊性的诊断。最大的威胁之一是为加强国家水安全而制定强有力的政策的步伐缓慢。如此处所示，水的安全取决于几个变量，例如可用性，质量和外部因素，例如气候强迫和人为压力。所以，