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Effects of land-use change and drought on decadal evapotranspiration and water balance of natural and managed forested wetlands along the southeastern US lower coastal plain
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108381
Maricar Aguilos , Ge Sun , Asko Noormets , Jean-Christophe Domec , Steve McNulty , Michael Gavazzi , Kevan Minick , Bhaskar Mitra , Prajaya Prajapati , Yun Yang , John King

Forested wetlands are important in regulating regional hydrology and climate. However, long-term studies on the hydrologic impacts of converting natural forested wetlands to pine plantations are rare for the southern US. From 2005-2018, we quantified water cycling in two post-harvest and newly-planted loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations (YP2–7, 2–7 yrs old; YP2–8, 2–8 yrs old), a rotation-age loblolly pine plantation (MP, 15–28 yrs old), and a natural bottomland hardwood forest (BHF, > 100 yrs old) along the lower coastal plain of North Carolina. We quantified the differences in inter-annual and seasonal water balance and trends of evapotranspiration (ET) using eddy covariance over 37 site-years and assessed key climatic and biological drivers of ET. We found that the rotation-age plantation (MP) had higher annual ET (933 ± 63 mm) than the younger plantations (776 ± 74 mm for YP2–7 and 638 ± 190 mm for YP2–8), and the BHF (743 ± 172 mm), owing to differences in stand age, canopy cover, and micrometeorology. Chronosequence analysis of the pine sites showed that ET increased with stand age up to 10 years, then gradually stabilized for the remainder of the rotation of 28 – 30 years. YP2–8 was sensitive to water availability, decreasing ET by 30 – 43 % during the extreme 2007 – 2008 drought, but reductions in ET at MP were only 8 – 11 %. Comparing to BHF, ditching with management enhanced drainage at YP2–7 and YP2–8, while drainage was lower at the mature pine site. This study provides insight into land use-hydrology-climate interactions that have important implications for forested wetland management in a time of rapidly changing environmental conditions of the LCP of the southern US.



中文翻译:

土地利用变化和干旱对美国东南沿海低平原自然和人工林湿地年代际蒸散量和水平衡的影响

森林湿地在调节区域水文学和气候方面很重要。但是,对于美国南部很少有关于将天然林地湿地转变为松树人工林的水文影响的长期研究。从2005至2018年,我们两个收获后和火炬松新植松(量化水循环火炬松)种植园(YP 2-7,2-7岁老; YP 2-8,年龄2-8岁),轮作年龄的松树人工林(MP,15-28岁),以及北卡罗来纳州下游沿海平原上的天然底层硬木森林(BHF,年龄大于100岁)。我们使用37个站点-年的涡度协方差量化了年际和季节性水量平衡的差异以及蒸散(ET)的趋势,并评估了ET的主要气候和生物驱动因素。我们发现,旋转年龄种植园(MP)有更高的年ET(933±63毫米),比年轻的种植园(776±74毫米为YP 2-7和638±190毫米为YP 2-8)和BHF(743±172毫米),这是由于林分年龄,树冠覆盖和微气象学的差异所致。松树部位的时序分析表明,随着林分年龄的增长,ET随年龄增长而增加,直至10年,然后在其余28至30年的旋转中逐渐稳定。YP 2-8对水的利用很敏感,在2007-2008年极端干旱期间,ET减少了30-43%,但MP的ET减少仅为8%-11%。与BHF相比,在YP 2–7和YP 2–8处进行沟渠和管理可增强排水,而成熟松树部位的排水量较低。这项研究提供了对土地利用-水文-气候相互作用的深刻见解,在美国南部LCP的环境条件迅速变化的时期,这对森林湿地管理具有重要意义。

更新日期:2021-03-07
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