Hypertrophic scar (HS), a fibroproliferative disorder caused by abnormal wound healing after skin injury, which is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and invasive growth of fibroblasts. Recent studies have shown that some non-coding RNA implicated the formation of HS, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found that lncRNA TRHDE-AS1 was downregulated in HS tissues and HSFs, and the level of lncRNA TRHDE-AS1 negatively correlated with the level of miR-181a-5p in HS tissue and HSFs. Overexpressed lncRNA TRHDE-AS1 significantly suppressed miR-181a-5p level, while promoted HSFs apoptosis and inhibited HSFs proliferation. Further study shown that PTEN was a direct target of miR-181a-5p, and lncRNA TRHDE-AS1 served as a molecular sponge for miR-181a-5p to regulate the expression of PTEN. Overexpression of PTEN could eliminate lncRNA TRHDE-AS1-mediated proliferation suppression of HSFs. In conclusion, our study suggested that lncRNA TRHDE-AS1/miR-181a-5p/PTEN axis plays an important role in promoting hypertrophic scar formation, which may be effectively used as a therapeutic target for hypertrophic scar treatment.

肥厚性疤痕（HS）是皮肤损伤后伤口愈合异常引起的一种纤维增生性疾病，其特征是细胞外基质过度沉积和成纤维细胞侵袭性生长。最近的研究表明，一些非编码RNA与HS的形成有关，但其机制仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们发现lncRNA TRHDE-AS1在HS组织和HSF中表达下调，并且lncRNA TRHDE-AS1的水平与HS组织和HSF中miR-181a-5p的水平呈负相关。过表达的lncRNA TRHDE-AS1显着抑制miR-181a-5p水平，同时促进HSF凋亡并抑制HSF增殖。进一步研究表明，PTEN是miR-181a-5p的直接靶标，lncRNA TRHDE-AS1作为miR-181a-5p的分子海绵来调节PTEN的表达。PTEN 的过表达可以消除 lncRNA TRHDE-AS1 介导的 HSF 增殖抑制。总之，我们的研究表明lncRNA TRHDE-AS1/miR-181a-5p/PTEN轴在促进肥厚性疤痕形成中发挥重要作用，可有效用作肥厚性疤痕治疗的治疗靶点。