To date, COVID-19 case rates are disproportionately higher in Black and Latinx communities across the U.S., leading to more hospitalizations and deaths in those communities. These differences in case rates are evident in comparisons of Chicago neighborhoods with differing race/ethnicities of their residents. Disparities could be due to neighborhoods with more adverse health outcomes associated with poverty and other social determinants of health experiencing higher prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection or due to greater morbidity and mortality resulting from equivalent SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence. We surveyed five pairs of adjacent ZIP codes in Chicago with disparate COVID-19 case rates for highly specific and quantitative serological evidence of any prior infection by SARS-CoV-2 to compare with their disparate COVID-19 case rates. Dried blood spot samples were self-collected at home by internet-recruited participants in summer 2020, shortly after Chicago's first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Pairs of neighboring ZIP codes with very different COVID-19 case rates had similar seropositivity rates for anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain IgG antibodies. Overall, these findings of comparable exposure to SARS-CoV-2 across neighborhoods with very disparate COVID-19 case rates are consistent with social determinants of health, and the co-morbidities related to them, driving differences in COVID-19 rates across neighborhoods.

中文翻译：

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在芝加哥进行的社区调查中，血清阳性率未反映COVID-19病例率的地理差异

迄今为止，美国黑人和拉丁裔社区的COVID-19病案率高得不成比例，导致这些社区的住院和死亡人数增加。这些案件发生率的差异在芝加哥居民区居民种族/民族不同的比较中很明显。差异可能是由于社区遭受贫困和其他社会决定因素带来的不良健康后果更为严重，这些社区遭受SARS-CoV-2感染的患病率较高，也可能是由于等效SARS-CoV-2感染率导致的发病率和死亡率更高。我们调查了芝加哥五对相邻的邮政编码，它们具有不同的COVID-19病例率，以比较特异性和定量的血清学证据证明SARS-CoV-2以前曾感染过，以与它们的不同COVID-19病例率进行比较。芝加哥第一波COVID-19大流行之后不久，2020年夏季，互联网招聘的参与者在家中自行采集了干血斑样本。对具有非常不同的COVID-19病例率的相邻邮政编码，对抗SARS-CoV-2受体结合域IgG抗体的血清阳性率相似。总体而言，这些发现在具有非常不同的COVID-19病例率的社区中具有可比的SARS-CoV-2暴露水平，这些结果与健康的社会决定因素以及与之相关的合并症相关，从而推动了跨社区的COVID-19率差异。对具有非常不同的COVID-19病例率的相邻邮政编码，对抗SARS-CoV-2受体结合域IgG抗体的血清阳性率相似。总体而言，这些发现在具有非常不同的COVID-19病例率的社区中具有可比的SARS-CoV-2暴露水平，这些结果与健康的社会决定因素以及与之相关的合并症相关，从而推动了跨社区的COVID-19率差异。对具有非常不同的COVID-19病例率的相邻邮政编码，对抗SARS-CoV-2受体结合域IgG抗体的血清阳性率相似。总体而言，这些发现在具有非常不同的COVID-19病例率的社区中具有可比的SARS-CoV-2暴露水平，这些结果与健康的社会决定因素以及与之相关的合并症相关，从而推动了跨社区的COVID-19率差异。