Objective

To assess the efficacy of butorphanol–azaperone–medetomidine (BAM) and butorphanol–midazolam–medetomidine (BMM) protocols for immobilization of wild common palm civets (Paradoxurus musangus) with subsequent antagonization with atipamezole.

Study design

Prospective, randomized, blinded clinical trial.

Animals

A total of 40 adult wild common palm civets, 24 female and 16 male, weighing 1.5–3.4 kg.

Methods

The civets were randomly assigned for anesthesia with butorphanol, azaperone and medetomidine (0.6, 0.6 and 0.2 mg kg^–1, respectively; group BAM) or with butorphanol, midazolam and medetomidine (0.3, 0.4 and 0.1 mg kg^–1, respectively; group BMM) intramuscularly (IM) in a squeeze cage. When adequately relaxed, the trachea was intubated for oxygen administration. Physiological variables were recorded every 5 minutes after intubation. Following morphometric measurements, sampling, microchipping and parasite treatment, medetomidine was reversed with atipamezole at 1.0 or 0.5 mg kg^–1 IM to groups BAM and BMM, respectively. Physiological variables and times to reach the different stages of anesthesia were compared between groups.

Results

Onset time of sedation and recumbency was similar in both groups; time to achieve complete relaxation and tracheal intubation was longer in group BAM. Supplementation with isoflurane was required to enable intubation in five civets in group BAM and one civet in group BMM. All civets in group BAM required topical lidocaine to facilitate intubation. End-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure was lower in group BAM, but heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, peripheral hemoglobin oxygen saturation and mean arterial blood pressure were not different. All civets in both groups recovered well following administration of atipamezole.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Both BAM and BMM combinations were effective for immobilizing wild common palm civets. The BMM combination had the advantage of producing complete relaxation that allowed intubation more rapidly.

中文翻译：

---

布托啡诺-咪达唑仑-美托咪定和布托啡诺-氮杂哌酮-美托咪定对野生棕榈果子狸（Paradoxurus musangus）的影响比较

客观的

评估布托啡诺-氮杂哌酮-美托咪定 (BAM) 和布托啡诺-咪达唑仑-美托咪定 (BMM) 方案用于固定野生普通棕榈果子狸 ( Paradoxurus musangus ) 并随后与阿替美唑拮抗的功效。

学习规划

前瞻性、随机、盲法临床试验。

动物

共40只成年野生麝香猫，雌性24只，雄性16只，体重1.5-3.4公斤。

方法

灵猫被随机分配为麻醉布托啡诺，阿扎哌隆和美托咪定（0.6，0.6和0.2毫克千克^-1分别;组BAM），或与布托啡诺，咪达唑仑和美托咪定（0.3，0.4和0.1mg千克^-1分别;组BMM) 在挤压笼中肌肉注射 (IM)。当充分放松时，气管插管供氧。插管后每5分钟记录一次生理变量。在形态学测量、取样、微芯片和寄生虫治疗后，美托咪定与阿替美唑 1.0 或 0.5 mg kg ^–1 IM 分别逆转至 BAM 和 BMM 组。比较各组之间的生理变量和达到不同麻醉阶段的时间。

结果

两组的镇静和卧床起效时间相似；BAM 组达到完全放松和气管插管的时间更长。BAM 组中的五只灵猫和 BMM 组中的一只果子狸需要补充异氟醚才能插管。BAM 组中的所有麝香猫都需要外用利多卡因以促进插管。BAM组呼气末二氧化碳分压较低，但心率、呼吸频率、直肠温度、外周血红蛋白氧饱和度和平均动脉血压无差异。服用阿替美唑后，两组的所有果子狸均恢复良好。

结论和临床相关性

BAM 和 BMM 组合均能有效固定野生普通棕榈果子狸。BMM 组合具有产生完全放松的优势，可以更快地进行插管。