Due to the randomness and volatility of light intensity and wind speed, renewable generation and load management are facing new challenges. This paper proposes a novel energy management strategy to extend the life cycle of the hybrid energy storage system (HESS) based on the state of charge (SOC) and reduce the total operating cost of the islanded microgrid (MG). In this paper, a demand response (DR) optimization model of independent MG is introduced considering the total cost of MG operation, carbon emission and new energy consumption penalty. Meanwhile, by analyzing the SOC of the HESS, starting and stopping criteria (SSC) of diesel generator (DG), residential load classification, an optimal energy management strategy for island grid operation of HESS based on DR is proposed. Then, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with improved acceleration factor is applied to solve the optimization scheme. The simulation results show that a novel energy management strategy has improved the economical and reliable performance of the independent MG via setting the charging and discharging criteria of HESS and SSC of DG. Moreover, flexible scheduling of part controllable loads can be used to improve the renewable energy consumption rate and reduce the loss of load rate.

由于光强度和风速的随机性和波动性，可再生能源的发电和负荷管理面临着新的挑战。本文提出了一种新颖的能源管理策略，以基于充电状态（SOC）延长混合储能系统（HESS）的生命周期并降低孤岛微电网（MG）的总运行成本。本文介绍了一种独立的汽车制造商的需求响应（DR）优化模型，该模型考虑了汽车制造商的总成本，碳排放量和新能源消耗损失。同时，通过分析HESS的SOC，柴油发电机组（DG）的起停准则（SSC），居民负荷分类，提出了一种基于DR的HESS岛网运行最优能源管理策略。然后，采用具有改进的加速因子的粒子群优化算法求解该优化方案。仿真结果表明，一种新颖的能量管理策略通过设置DG的HESS和SSC的充放电标准，提高了独立MG的经济性和可靠性。此外，可以对部分可控负载进行灵活的调度，以提高可再生能源的消耗率并减少负载率的损失。