Perovskite-based electronic materials and devices such as perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have notoriously bad reproducibility, which greatly impedes both fundamental understanding of their intrinsic properties and real-world applications. Here, we report that organic iodide perovskite precursors can be oxidized to I₂ even for carefully sealed precursor powders or solutions, which markedly deteriorates the performance and reproducibility of PSCs. Adding benzylhydrazine hydrochloride (BHC) as a reductant into degraded precursor solutions can effectively reduce the detrimental I₂ back to I⁻, accompanied by a substantial reduction of I₃⁻-induced charge traps in the films. BHC residuals in perovskite films further stabilize the PSCs under operation conditions. BHC improves the stabilized efficiency of the blade-coated p-i-n structure PSCs to a record value of 23.2% (22.62 ± 0.40% certified by National Renewable Energy Laboratory), and the high-efficiency devices have a very high yield. A stabilized aperture efficiency of 18.2% is also achieved on a 35.8-cm² mini-module.

众所周知，基于钙钛矿的电子材料和设备（例如钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC））的可复制性很差，这极大地阻碍了对其内在特性和实际应用的基本了解。在这里，我们报道甚至对于精心密封的前体粉末或溶液，有机碘化物钙钛矿前体也可被氧化为I ₂，这显着降低了PSC的性能和可重复性。加入苄基肼盐酸盐（BHC）作为还原剂进入退化前体溶液可以有效地减少有害余₂回到I ^- ，伴随着I的显着降低₃ ^-膜中产生的电荷陷阱。在操作条件下，钙钛矿薄膜中的BHC残留物进一步稳定了PSC。BHC将刀片涂层的销钉结构PSC的稳定效率提高到创纪录的23.2％（由国家可再生能源实验室认证为22.62±0.40％），并且这种高效设备的收率非常高。在35.8-cm ^2的微型模块上也可以实现18.2％的稳定孔径效率。