Addressing society's water and energy challenges requires sustainable use of Earth's critical zones and subsurface environment, as well as appropriate design and application of porous materials for resilient infrastructure and membranes for water treatment/recovery. Reactive transport models (RTMs) provide a powerful tool for environmental engineering and science professionals to investigate the complex interplay between biogeochemical reactions, flow, transport, and heat exchange, which control the dynamic behaviors of these systems. RTMs are, thus, able to inform engineering design and policy making for sustainable use of Earth's critical zones and subsurface environment. This special issue on “Addressing Society's Water and Energy Challenges with Reactive Transport Modeling” provides a few examples that illustrate the diverse application of RTMs in informing practices, including resource recovery, subsurface energy extraction, and carbon mitigation. In this article, we present a brief overview of the development of the research field of reactive transport modeling and its growing applications in environmental engineering and science in the past three decades. We also provide perspective on the frontiers of reactive transport modeling research and emergent application areas that are critical for addressing water and energy challenges our society faces. Example application areas include groundwater quality management, mine waste pollution management, safe nuclear waste disposal, reliable geological carbon storage, climate–water interactions, materials for resilient infrastructure, recovery and valorization of critical materials, groundwater resource management for drought mitigation, negative carbon emissions, and subsurface renewable energy.

中文翻译：

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通过反应性运输模型应对水和能源挑战

要应对社会的水和能源挑战，就需要可持续利用地球的关键区域和地下环境，并适当设计和应用多孔材料来恢复基础设施，并使用膜进行水处理/回收。反应性运输模型（RTM）为环境工程和科学专业人员提供了一个强大的工具，以研究生物地球化学反应，流动，运输和热交换之间的复杂相互作用，从而控制这些系统的动态行为。因此，RTM可以为可持续利用地球的关键区域和地下环境提供信息，从而为工程设计和政策制定提供依据。本期关于“致辞社会”的特刊 “通过反应性运输模型对水和能源的挑战”提供了一些示例，这些实例说明了RTM在信息实践中的多种应用，包括资源回收，地下能量提取和碳减排。在本文中，我们简要概述了反应运输模型研究领域的发展及其在过去三十年中在环境工程和科学中的日益增长的应用。我们还提供了反应式运输模型研究和新兴应用领域的前沿观点，这些领域对于解决我们社会面临的水和能源挑战至关重要。应用领域包括地下水质量管理，矿山废料污染管理，安全的核废料处置，可靠的地质碳储存，气候与水的相互作用，