The virtual photons that are exchanged when a free-electron vortex beam interacts with a nanoscopic target unlock an explicit connection between polarized optical spectroscopy and the inelastic scattering of scalar electron waves.

中文翻译：

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旋涡极化

当自由电子涡旋束与纳米靶相互作用时交换的虚拟光子解锁了偏振光谱与标量电子波的非弹性散射之间的明确联系。