Driving simulators are useful and effective tools for conducting studies in the field of traffic safety. Simulation sickness (SS) and the sense of presence (SP) are two well-known factors that could affect the results of the driving simulator experiments. This study investigated the relationship between SP and SS in a medium-fidelity driving simulator. Additionally, the impact of the road environment (urban arterials or rural expressways) on these subscales was investigated. Data was collected by means of self-reported questionnaires, which were conducted after the participants have driven the simulation scenarios in a fixed-base medium-fidelity driving simulator. A total of 125 drivers participated in this study. Results showed that females reported significantly higher SS scores than males. An increasing trend in the SS was observed with the increase of age. Importantly, designing buildings that replicate a real-world environment could increase SP and decrease SS. Moreover, designing high quality and resolution scenarios could also increase SP, thus decreasing the severity of SS symptoms. The results of this study can help researchers using medium-fidelity driving simulators to know the influencing factors for each subscale of SP on SS. Adjustments in the driving simulator and scenario settings as well as additional training exercises for higher speed scenarios can be beneficial in reducing the severity of SS.

驾驶模拟器是进行交通安全领域研究的有用和有效的工具。模拟疾病（SS）和临场感（SP）是两个众所周知的因素，可能会影响驾驶模拟器实验的结果。这项研究调查了中保真驾驶模拟器中SP和SS之间的关系。此外，还研究了道路环境（城市干线或农村高速公路）对这些分量表的影响。数据是通过自我报告的问卷收集的，这些问卷是在参与者在固定基础的中等保真驾驶模拟器中驾驶了模拟场景之后进行的。共有125位驾驶员参加了这项研究。结果表明，女性报告的SS得分明显高于男性。随着年龄的增长，SS的增长趋势有所增加。重要的是，设计可复制真实环境的建筑物可能会增加SP并减少SS。此外，设计高质量和高分辨率的方案还可以提高SP，从而降低SS症状的严重性。这项研究的结果可以帮助研究人员使用中等逼真度的驾驶模拟器来了解SS上SP各个子量表的影响因素。调整驾驶模拟器和场景设置以及针对更高速度场景的其他培训练习可能会有助于降低SS的严重性。从而降低SS症状的严重程度。这项研究的结果可以帮助研究人员使用中等逼真度的驾驶模拟器来了解SS上SP各个子量表的影响因素。调整驾驶模拟器和场景设置以及针对更高速度场景的其他培训练习可能会有助于降低SS的严重性。从而降低SS症状的严重程度。这项研究的结果可以帮助研究人员使用中等逼真的驾驶模拟器来了解SS上每个SP分量表的影响因素。调整驾驶模拟器和场景设置以及针对更高速度场景的其他培训练习可能会有助于降低SS的严重性。