We present a new model for simulating the electromagnetic fluctuations with frequencies much lower than the ion cyclotron frequency in plasmas confined in general magnetic configurations. This novel model (termed as GK-E&B) employs nonlinear gyrokinetic equations formulated in terms of electromagnetic fields along with momentum balance equations for solving fields. It, thus, not only includes kinetic effects, such as wave-particle interaction and microscopic (ion Larmor radius scale) physics; but also is computationally more efficient than the conventional formulation described in terms of potentials. As a benchmark, we perform linear as well as nonlinear simulations of the kinetic Alfvén wave; demonstrating physics in agreement with the analytical theories.

我们提出了一种新模型，用于模拟电磁波动，其频率远低于一般磁配置中的等离子体中离子回旋加速器的频率。这个新颖的模型（称为GK-E＆B）采用了根据电磁场公式化的非线性陀螺动力学方程以及用于解决磁场的动量平衡方程。因此，它不仅包括动力学效应，例如波粒相互作用和微观（离子拉莫尔半径标度）物理；但是在电势上也比传统的公式在计算上更有效。作为基准，我们对动力学Alfvén波进行了线性和非线性模拟。与分析理论相一致地展示物理学。