In gold-endowed greenstone belts, ore bodies generally correspond to orogenic gold systems (OGS) formed during the main deformation stage that led to craton stabilization (syntectonic period). Most OGS deposits postdate and locally overprint magmatic-hydrothermal systems, such as Au-Cu porphyry that mostly formed during the main magmatic stage (synvolcanic period) and polymetallic intrusion-related gold systems (IRGS) of the syntectonic period. Porphyries are associated with tonalite-dominated and sanukitoid plutons, whereas most IRGS are related to alkaline magmatism. As reviewed here, most intrusion-associated mineralization in the Abitibi greenstone belt is the result of complex and local multistage metallogenic processes. A new classification is proposed that includes (1) OGS and OGS-like deposits dominated by metamorphic and magmatic fluids, respectively; (2) porphyry and IRGS that may contain gold remobilized during subsequent deformation episodes; (3) porphyry and IRGS that are overprinted by OGS. Both OGS and OGS-like deposits are associated with crustal-scale faults and display similar gold-deposition mechanisms. The main difference is that magmatic fluid input may increase the oxidation state and CO₂ content of the mineralizing fluid for OGS-like deposits, while OGS are characterized by the circulation of reduced metamorphic fluids. For porphyry and IRGS, mineralizing fluids and metals have a magmatic origin. Porphyries are defined as base metal and gold-bearing deposits associated with large-volume intrusions, while IRGS are gold deposits that may display a polymetallic signature and that can be associated with small-volume syntectonic intrusions. Some porphyry, such as the Côté Gold deposit, demonstrate that magmatic systems can generate economically significant gold mineralization. In addition, many deposits display evidence of multistage processes and correspond to gold-bearing or gold-barren magmatic-hydrothermal systems overprinted by OGS or by gold-barren metamorphic fluids. In most cases, the source of gold remains debated. Whether magmatic activity was essential or marginal for fertilizing the upper crust during the Neoarchean remains a major topic for future research, and petrogenetic investigations may be paramount for distinguishing gold-endowed from barren greenstone belts.

中文翻译：

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新陈代谢阿比提比绿岩带的入侵相关金系统和多阶段成矿作用

在赋有金的绿岩带中，矿体通常对应于在导致克拉通稳定化（构造阶段）的主变形阶段形成的造山金系统（OGS）。大多数OGS沉积物是在岩浆热液系统发育之后和局部叠印的，例如Au-Cu斑岩，主要形成于主要岩浆阶段（同火山期）和同构造期的多金属侵入相关金系统（IRGS）。斑岩与以天青石为主和sanukitoid的plutons有关，而大多数IRGS与碱性岩浆作用有关。如本文所述，阿比蒂比绿岩带中大多数与入侵有关的矿化是复杂的局部多级成矿作用的结果。提出了一种新的分类方法，其中包括（1）以变质和岩浆流体为主的OGS和类OGS矿床，分别; （2）斑岩和IRGS可能在随后的变形过程中重新固结了金；（3）OGS叠印的斑岩和IRGS。OGS和类似OGS的沉积物都与地壳规模的断层有关，并显示出相似的金沉积机制。主要区别在于岩浆流体输入可能会增加氧化态和CO_2个OGS样矿床的矿化流体含量高，而OGS的特征是变质流体减少。对于斑岩和IRGS，矿化流体和金属具有岩浆成因。斑岩被定义为与大批量侵入有关的贱金属和含金矿床，而IRGS是可能显示出多金属特征并且与小规模同构造侵入有关的金矿床。一些斑岩，例如科特金矿床，表明岩浆系统可以产生经济上重要的金矿化。此外，许多矿床显示出多阶段过程的证据，并且对应于由OGS或贫金变质流体套印的含金或贫金岩浆热液系统。在大多数情况下，金的来源仍存在争议。