This article documents the patterns of White-Black and White-Hispanic enrollment gaps in Advanced Placement (AP) and Dual Enrollment (DE) programs across thousands of school districts in the United States by merging several data sources. We show that the vast majority of districts have racial enrollment gaps in both programs, with wider gaps in AP than DE. Results from fractional regression models indicate that geographic variations in these gaps can be explained by both local and state factors. We also find that district-level resources and state policies that provide greater access to AP and DE are also associated with wider racial enrollment gaps, implying that greater resources may engender racial disparity without adequate efforts to provide equitable access and support for minority students.

本文通过合并多个数据源，记录了美国成千上万个学区中高级进修（AP）和双重入学（DE）计划中的白人/黑人和白人/西班牙裔学生入学差距的模式。我们表明，在两个计划中，绝大多数地区的种族入学差距都很大，因此AP的差距比DE的差距要大。分数回归模型的结果表明，这些差距的地理变化可以用局部因素和状态因素来解释。我们还发现，提供更多获得AP和DE机会的地区级资源和州政策也与更大的种族入学差距有关，这意味着如果没有足够的努力为少数族裔学生提供平等的机会和支持，更多的资源就可能造成种族差异。