This paper aims to study the lift response of transverse and vortex gust encounters. A sine-squared transverse gust was created in a water towing tank using a water jet, whereas a vortex gust was created in a water channel by clockwise half-rotation of an upstream gust generator plate. Forces and flowfields were acquired for both gust types. The effects of the gust ratio and vertical positioning of the gust generator plate were investigated for the transverse gust and the vortex gust encounters, respectively. For a flat plate at a 0 deg angle of attack, changing the gust ratio for the transverse gust was found to have a major effect on the peak lift and a minor effect on the recovery phase; whereas changing the vertical positioning of the gust generator plate for the vortex gust was found to cause relatively minor effects at almost every point in the lift response. Both gust encounters resulted in large transients in the lift force, and the unsteady forcing was found to depend on the circulation shed from the leading edge of the wing. The lift force experienced and the circulation shed showed a steeper increase for the transverse gust encounters despite the same gust ratio of one. Average velocity variations in time were obtained from the flowfield measurements along an upstream line for both gust types, and variations in the gust-induced angle of attack were computed. The Helmbold equation was then used to predict the lift coefficients based on the calculated gust-induced angle of attack. The trends in the measured and predicted lift coefficients were found to compare well with each other, but the values were found to agree well only when the gust-induced angle of attack was low.

本文旨在研究横向和涡旋阵风遭遇的升力响应。使用喷水器在拖水罐中产生一个正弦平方的横向阵风，而通过上游阵风发生器板的顺时针半旋转在水通道中产生一个涡旋阵风。两种阵风类型都获得了力和流场。研究了阵风比和阵风产生器板的垂直位置对横阵风和涡流阵风遭遇的影响。对于攻角为0度的平板，发现改变横向阵风的阵风比对峰升程有较大影响，而对恢复阶段影响较小。然而，发现将阵风发生器板的垂直位置更改为涡流阵风，几乎可以在升力响应的每个点上产生相对较小的影响。两次阵风都导致升力发生较大的瞬态变化，并且不稳定的强迫被发现取决于机翼前缘的环流。尽管阵风比为1，但经历的升力和环流下降显示出横向阵风的陡峭增加。从两种阵风类型沿上游线的流场测量中获得了时间的平均速度变化，并计算了阵风引起的迎角的变化。然后，基于计算出的阵风引起的迎角，将Helmbold方程用于预测升力系数。