False codling moth (FCM), Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a priority pest on citrus, stone fruit, and table grapes. Current control focuses on the adult stage; however, each stage of the life cycle of the insect should be targeted. The potential of local biocontrol agents against FCM immature stages was investigated. Several entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) and entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) species were identified from soil samples collected from orchards and vineyards throughout the Western Cape province in South Africa. The eggs were proven to be susceptible (30–65%) to several EPN species, at 200 infective juveniles (IJs) per 50 µl. Xenorhabdus indica, the symbiotic bacterium of Steinernema yirgalemense Nguyen et al., caused significantly more mortality than the control. The EPNs were highly virulent against the FCM larvae, with S. yirgalemense causing 100% mortality in all trials. Metarhizium robertsii (78%), M. anisopliae (50%), and Beauveria bassiana (75%) caused high mortality in FCM larvae. The fully formed pupae were the most resistant of the immature stages, with the EPNs causing low mortality at 100 IJs per insect. As the FCM larvae were highly susceptible to S. yirgalemense and M. robertsii under laboratory conditions, they should be further tested, separately and in combination, in field conditions to illustrate the benefits of including them in a FCM‐IPM programme.

中文翻译：

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昆虫病原菌在实验室条件下对白僵菌的功效

假苹果蛾（Thomatotibia leucotreta（Meyrick）（鳞翅目：Tortricidae））是柑橘，核果和食用葡萄的主要害虫。目前的控制重点是成年阶段；但是，应该确定昆虫生命周期的每个阶段。研究了针对FCM未成熟阶段的局部生物防治剂的潜力。从南非西开普省整个果园和葡萄园收集的土壤样品中鉴定出几种昆虫病原线虫（EPN）和昆虫病原真菌（EPF）。事实证明，这些卵对几种EPN物种敏感（30–65％），每50 µl有200个感染性幼虫（IJs）。嗜籼稻，共生细菌斯yirgalemenseNguyen等人造成的死亡率比对照组高得多。EPNs对FCM幼虫具有高度毒性，在所有试验中，耶尔曼链球菌引起100％的死亡率。罗氏沼虾（78％），沙门氏菌（50％）和球孢白僵菌（75％）导致FCM幼虫的高死亡率。完整形成的p在未成熟阶段具有最高的抵抗力，EPN导致每只昆虫100 IJs的低死亡率。作为FCM幼虫高度易感S. yirgalemense和M. robertsii实验室条件下，它们应该被进一步测试，单独或组合，在现场条件下，说明包括他们在一个FCM-IPM方案的好处。