The Bonneville Salt Flats form a saline pan in western Utah, USA. This modern saline pan has a unique history of land-speed racing and potash mining. Multi-decadal measurements record decreasing evaporite volume and extent, spurring multiple environmental studies. The goal of this work is to describe saline pan evaporite morphologies within the context of environmental measurements. Environmental data include field observations, groundwater and dust trap samples, precipitation, albedo, time-lapse photography, groundwater level, and temperature measurements of air, groundwater and the shallow evaporite crust. Petrographic data include thick sections, evaporite slabs and sediments, and X-ray computed tomography of evaporites. Diverse halite morphologies are formed at the surface, vadose and phreatic zones. The presence and preservation of these morphologies are influenced by spatially heterogenous natural and anthropogenic processes, including daily to seasonal changes in brine salinity, mineral saturation states, and water level within and across saline pan stages. In addition to hydrological balances delineated by the saline pan stages of flooding, evapoconcentration and desiccation, changes in vertical brine movement, temperature and surficial sedimentary structures influence evaporite morphologies. These results are transferable to the interpretation of altered evaporites and enhancing saline pan depositional models.

中文翻译：

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美国犹他州邦纳维尔盐滩现代盐田沉积物的沉积和早期成岩特征

邦纳维尔盐滩在美国犹他州西部形成了一个盐田。这个现代盐田有着独特的陆上竞速和钾肥开采历史。数十年的测量记录了蒸发量和范围的减少，刺激了多项环境研究。这项工作的目标是在环境测量的背景下描述盐水泛蒸发岩形态。环境数据包括实地观测、地下水和集尘器样本、降水、反照率、延时摄影、地下水位以及空气、地下水和浅层蒸发岩地壳的温度测量。岩石学数据包括厚剖面、蒸发岩板和沉积物，以及蒸发岩的 X 射线计算机断层扫描。地表、包气带和潜水带形成了多种岩盐形态。这些形态的存在和保存受到空间异质性自然和人为过程的影响，包括盐水盐度、矿物饱和状态和盐水盘阶段内和跨阶段水位的每日到季节性变化。除了盐水泛滥、蒸发浓缩和干燥阶段所描绘的水文平衡之外，盐水垂直运动、温度和地表沉积结构的变化也会影响蒸发岩的形态。这些结果可用于解释改变的蒸发岩和增强盐水盘沉积模型。除了盐水泛滥、蒸发浓缩和干燥阶段所描绘的水文平衡之外，盐水垂直运动、温度和地表沉积结构的变化也会影响蒸发岩的形态。这些结果可用于解释改变的蒸发岩和增强盐水盘沉积模型。除了盐水泛滥、蒸发浓缩和干燥阶段所描绘的水文平衡之外，盐水垂直运动、温度和地表沉积结构的变化也会影响蒸发岩的形态。这些结果可用于解释改变的蒸发岩和增强盐水盘沉积模型。