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Diving into fisher experience: Do new entrants and fleet turnover depress catch rates in abalone (Haliotis laevigata and H. rubra) fisheries
Fisheries Research ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2021.105906
Katherine Heldt , Ben Stobart , Stephen Mayfield

A fisher’s experience may provide greater efficiency and enhanced catches through time. Compared to new entrants to the fishery, experienced fishers often have developed tactics: the advantage of knowing ‘the best’ fishing grounds, having established efficient fishing practices, and developing relationships and trust within their fishing community. The influence of experience on catch rates, a key indicator of abundance, may be particularly strong in fisheries such as abalone, which rely on hand-collection and local knowledge for catches. We investigated diver records for greenlip (Haliotis laevigata) and blacklip (Haliotis rubra) abalone fisheries in South Australia to 1) examine annual catch rates (CPUE) and the number of diver entrants among licenses, 2) determine if CPUE of new diver entrants is lower than average fleet CPUE, and 3) establish relationships between CPUE and experience. We additionally simulated fleet turnover in the South Australian Western Zone Abalone Fishery by randomly replacing 25 %, 50 %, and 75 % of daily CPUE records with new diver catch rates and applied decision rules in the proposed abalone harvest strategy that allow for, and if needed account for, the impacts of new divers on catch rates. Catch rates varied among licenses and, on average, each license had less than one diver entrant per year (i.e., on average 5–20 % fleet turnover). During the first three years post-entry, annual license catch rates were generally 3–10 % lower than fleet catch rates, and license CPUE was positively correlated to experience in both greenlip and blacklip fisheries. However, depressed catch rates of entrants were unlikely to impact fleet trends given the small proportion of new entrants annually, and in cases where new divers impact CPUE, the proposed harvest strategy enables adjustment of recommended catches at a fine spatial scale prior to calculating the total allowable commercial catch. Of greater concern is ≥ 50 % fleet turnover, which, during simulations of the Western Zone Fishery, depressed fleet CPUE by ∼1 kg/hr or more; a reduction that is sufficient to result in lower recommended catches and, if such exceptional circumstances were to occur, may require modification of harvest strategy application. Assessing fisher experience as a driver of catch rate, builds a greater understanding of primary indicators for stock assessment and, together with appropriate decision-making tools, provides a more reliable management outcome.



中文翻译:

深入渔民的经验:新进入者和船队周转率是否降低了鲍鱼(哈利奥蒂斯拉维格塔H. rubra)渔业的捕获率

渔民的经验可能会提高效率,并随着时间的流逝而增加捕捞量。与新进入渔业的人相比,经验丰富的渔民通常会制定策略:了解“最佳”渔场,建立有效的捕捞惯例以及在其捕捞社区内建立关系和信任的优势。经验对渔获率的影响,渔获率是渔获量的一个关键指标,在诸如鲍鱼这样的渔业中,捕捞率的影响尤其大,而鲍鱼依靠手工收集和当地知识进行捕捞。我们调查了绿唇(Haliotis laevigata)和黑唇(Haliotis rubra)的潜水员记录)南澳大利亚的鲍鱼捕捞业:1)检查年度捕捞率(CPUE)和许可中的捕捞者数量,2)确定新捕捞者的CPUE是否低于平均船队CPUE,以及3)建立CPUE与经验之间的关系。我们还通过用新的潜水员捕捞率随机替换每日CPUE记录的25%,50%和75%来模拟南澳大利亚西部带鲍鱼渔业的船队周转情况,并在建议的鲍鱼收获策略中应用了决策规则,该策略允许并需要考虑的因素,即新潜水员对捕捞率的影响。捕捞率因许可证而异,并且平均而言,每个许可证每年只有不到一名潜水员(即,平均船队周转率为5%至20%)。进入后的头三年,年度许可证捕捞率通常比船队捕捞率低3–10%,而CPUE许可证与绿唇和黑唇渔业的经验呈正相关。但是,由于每年新进入者的比例很小,进入者的捕捞率低下不太可能影响船队趋势,并且在新潜水员影响CPUE的情况下,建议的收获策略可以在计算总捕捞量之前在良好的空间尺度上对建议的捕捞量进行调整允许的商业捕获量。更为令人关注的是船队周转率≥50%,在模拟西部渔业区期间,船队CPUE下降了约1 kg / hr或更多;减少量足以导致较低的建议产量,如果发生这种特殊情况,可能需要修改收获策略的应用。

更新日期:2021-03-03
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