Stainless steel offers excellent mechanical properties as well as corrosion resistance and performs better in a fire compared to carbon steel in that it retains its strength and stiffness for a longer duration. The current paper is focussed on the post-fire condition, which has received limited attention to date from the research community. The motivation for the work is to show that stainless steel elements that have been exposed to fire can be re-instated with minimal additional costs in a short time frame. The paper proceeds with a description of recent material tests into the residual properties of grade 1.4301 austenitic stainless steel, following exposure to elevated temperature. Two different types of test were conducted and these are described. Firstly, a series of tensile tests were completed on coupons taken from a loaded stainless steel beam previously examined under fire conditions. Secondly, a set of virgin coupons (i.e. which have not been previously heated or tested) were exposed to different levels of elevated temperature and cooling procedures. This is with a view to understanding the ability of structural elements made from this material to survive a fire and continue in service. The results are employed along with other data obtained from the literature to conduct a detailed study into the design considerations. The collected data includes information on the proof and ultimate strengths, ultimate strain and Young's modulus and the extent to which these are affected following the occurrence of a fire. The study is done for ferritic, austenitic and duplex stainless steel. By focusing on the effect of a fire on the mechanical properties after cooling using a statistical approach, safety factors are proposed together with a reduced reliability index based on economic and social considerations.

与碳钢相比，不锈钢具有出色的机械性能和耐腐蚀性，并且在火中表现更好，因为它可以在更长的时间内保持强度和刚度。当前的论文集中于火灾后的状况，迄今为止，研究界对此只给予了有限的关注。进行这项工作的动机是为了证明已经暴露在火中的不锈钢元件可以在短时间内以最小的额外成本进行恢复。本文对最近的材料测试进行了描述，介绍了1.4301级奥氏体不锈钢在暴露于高温后的残余性能。进行了两种不同类型的测试，并对它们进行了描述。首先，从先前在火灾条件下检查过的装有不锈钢梁的试片上完成了一系列拉伸试验。其次，将一组原始试样（即先前未加热或测试过的试样）暴露于不同水平的高温和冷却程序中。这是为了理解由这种材料制成的结构元件在火灾中幸存并继续使用的能力。将结果与从文献中获得的其他数据一起用于对设计注意事项进行详细研究。收集的数据包括有关起火和极限强度，极限应变和杨氏模量的信息，以及发生火灾后这些影响的程度。该研究针对铁素体，奥氏体和双相不锈钢进行。