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Understanding urban centers in Shanghai with big data: Local and non-local function perspectives
Cities ( IF 6.077 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2021.103156
Longxu Yan , De Wang , Shangwu Zhang , Carlo Ratti

Along with the rising space-of-flow, non-local functions are identified as a comparable force to local urban-hinterland relations that determine urban development. However, little evidence and explanation have been presented for how urban centers (UCs) are made of local and non-local functions. By examining the case of Shanghai, this paper endeavors to fill the gap with multiple big/open datasets. We first identify UCs using a new method as well as employment/activity densities inferred from cell phone data. Then, local and non-local forces are measured using functional and interaction metrics derived from theoretical deduction based on classic economic-space theories. Our result demonstrates that non-local functions have become a comparable force as local functions. Spatial analyses show that non-local functions generally agglomerate in about 30 UCs (27%) in the inner-ring Puxi area, presumably indicating a locational preference for local services and demand; local functions are distributed more like the central places diagram in Isard (1956). Additionally, specialization analysis of UCs shows clear evidence that non-local functions cause both centralization and decentralization in UCs, which can be well explained by the deductive theoretical patterns. This paper contributes to the literature of urban spatial structure with new evidence as well as a generic theoretical explanation and transferable methodologies.



中文翻译:

通过大数据了解上海的城市中心:本地和非本地功能的观点

随着流动空间的增加,非本地功能被确定为与本地具有可比性的力量决定城市发展的城乡关系。然而,关于城市中心如何由地方和非地方功能构成的证据和解释很少。通过研究上海的情况,本文力图用多个大/开放数据集填补空白。我们首先使用一种新方法以及从手机数据推断出的就业/活动密度来识别UC。然后,使用功能和相互作用度量来测量局部和非局部力,这些度量是基于经典经济空间理论的理论推导得出的。我们的结果表明,非本地功能已成为与本地功能相当的力量。空间分析表明,在浦西内环地区,大约30个UC(27%)中通常会聚集非局部功能,大概表明位置偏爱本地服务和需求;局部功能的分布更像Isard(1956)中的中心位置图。此外,对UC的专业化分析显示了明确的证据,即非局部功能会导致UC的集中化和分散化,这可以通过演绎的理论模式很好地解释。本文为城市空间结构的文献研究提供了新的证据,并提供了一般性的理论解释和可移植的方法论。

更新日期:2021-03-02
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