Although most emergent wetlands across central North America have been destroyed or degraded, wetland restoration in recent decades has provided new habitat resources for wetland birds in agriculturally dominated landscapes. The goals of wetland restorations often include providing habitat for migratory and breeding waterfowl and other wetland birds. One such restored wetland complex in the Illinois River Valley, the Emiquon Preserve, is isolated from most flooding events of the Illinois River allowing the growth of persistent emergent vegetation that was quickly colonized by breeding wetland birds. We examined nest occurrence and variables influencing site selection, nest success, and changes in nest density across stages of the wetland succession cycle. We located 327 nests from nine species of wetland birds (American Bittern, Botaurus lentiginosus; American Coot, Fulica americana; Black-crowned Night-Heron, Nycticorax nycticorax; Black-necked Stilt, Himantopus mexicanus; Common Gallinule, Gallinula galeata; Green Heron, Butorides virescens; Least Bittern, Ixobrychus exilis; Pied-billed Grebe, Podilymbus podiceps; Sora, Porzana carolina) during 2013–2019. Common Gallinules were more likely to nest in persistent emergent vegetation than other cover types. American Coots and Least Bitterns selected nest sites based on water depth. Black-necked Stilt and Black-crowned Night-Heron nests were less successful in deeper water. Black-necked Stilt, Black-crowned Night-Heron, and Common Gallinule nests were less successful with later initiation dates. Nest density did not vary between persistent emergent and hemi-marsh cover types. Across 2013–2019 we estimated an average of 372 nests/year for six marsh-nesting bird species at Emiquon, including two state-endangered (Common Gallinule and Black-crowned Night-Heron) and one state-threatened (Least Bittern). Wetlands restored from agricultural fields can quickly provide critical breeding habitat for marsh-nesting birds of conservation concern, although continued management is needed to provide resources to maintain persistent emergent vegetation communities as individual marshes transition through the marsh cycle.

中文翻译：

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在恢复的湿地系统中成功完成湿地鸟类的筑巢和筑巢地点的选择

尽管北美中部大多数新出现的湿地已被破坏或退化，但近几十年来，湿地恢复为农业占主导的景观中的湿地鸟类提供了新的栖息地资源。恢复湿地的目标通常包括为迁徙和繁殖水禽和其他湿地鸟类提供栖息地。伊利诺伊河谷（Emiquon Preserve）是伊利诺伊河谷这样一个经过修复的湿地综合体，与伊利诺伊河的大多数洪水事件相隔离，从而使持久的紧急植被得以生长，并通过繁殖湿地鸟类而迅速定殖。我们研究了巢的发生和影响地点选择，巢成功的变量以及整个湿地演替周期各阶段巢密度的变化。我们从九种湿地鸟类（美国Bit鱼，早熟的Botaurus lentiginosus；美国傻子，美国山茱;；黑冠夜鹭，Nycticorax nycticorax；黑颈高跷，Himantopus mexicanus；常见的鸡胆，鸡胆；绿鹭，布托里德斯维尔森斯；最少的苦汁，Ixobrychus exilis；帐单的格里布（Grebe），坡地龙（Podilymbus podiceps）；索拉（Sora，Porzana carolina）在2013–2019年期间。常见的鸡胆比其他类型的被覆更容易在持续的紧急植被中筑巢。美国老傻瓜和最不喜欢吃盐的人根据水深选择巢穴。黑颈高跷和黑冠夜鹭巢在更深的水中不太成功。黑颈高跷，黑冠黑夜鹭和普通鸡胆巢在开始日期较晚时不太成功。持续生出和半沼泽覆盖类型之间的巢密度没有变化。在2013-2019年间，我们估计Emiquon的6种沼泽嵌套鸟类平均每年372个鸟巢，其中包括2个濒临灭绝的鸟类（普通加里努勒和黑冠夜鹭）和一个处于濒危状态的鸟类（最不珍惜的鸟类）。从农田恢复的湿地可以迅速为需要保护的沼泽嵌套鸟类提供重要的繁殖栖息地，尽管需要进行管理以提供资源，以维持各个沼泽在沼泽循环中过渡时不断出现的植被群落。