Abstract

Ferrous metallurgy is the main consumer of manganese. The mineral resource base of manganese ores in Russia is quite extensive: the reserve of manganese ores amounts to 283.7 million tons (~2% of the world’s), and the expected reserves amounting to more than 1 billion tons. The quality of manganese ores in Russia is lower than that of manganese ores in most major producing countries. The average manganese content in Russian ores ranges from 9 to 23%. The Russian domestic manganese ores contain an increased amount of hazardous impurities, which are primarily phosphorus (from 0.2 to 0.8%). To involve domestic manganese ores into production, it is necessary to develop perfect methods for dephosphorizing manganese concentrates. Studies regarding a novel method for the dephosphorization of manganese-containing products are underway. In order to eliminate the manganese loss together with associated metal, as occurring in the case of the currently used dephosphorization method, this method consists in phosphorus reduction from the oxide melt by using gaseous carbon monoxide CO blown through the oxide manganese-containing melt, rather than using solid carbon. A novel process has been developed for smelting high-carbon ferromanganese and ferrosilicomanganese based on manganese concentrates with an increased phosphorus content. The process is carried out in a two-zone furnace equipped with a third zone intended for dephosphorization. Exhaust gases from the reduction zone containing 80–85% of carbon monoxide serve as the source of carbon monoxide required for performing dephosphorization. Methods have also been developed intended for smelting medium-carbon and low-carbon ferromanganese, as well as metallic manganese. These methods are based on a similar way for the phosphorus reduction from the oxide melt.

中文翻译：

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锰铁合金生产中的磷问题

摘要

黑色冶金是锰的主要消费国。俄罗斯锰矿石的矿产资源基础十分广泛：锰矿石的储量为2.837亿吨（约占世界的2％），预期储量超过10亿吨。俄罗斯的锰矿石质量低于大多数主要生产国的锰矿石质量。俄罗斯矿石中的平均锰含量为9％至23％。俄罗斯国内锰矿石中有害杂质的含量增加，主要是磷（0.2％至0.8％）。为了使国内锰矿石投入生产，有必要开发完善的方法来对锰精矿进行脱磷。关于一种新的含锰产品脱磷方法的研究正在进行中。为了消除锰和伴生金属的损失（如在当前使用的脱磷方法中所发生的那样），该方法包括通过吹入含氧化物的锰熔体中的气态一氧化碳CO从氧化物熔体中还原磷。而不是使用固态碳。基于磷含量增加的锰精矿，已经开发了一种用于冶炼高碳锰铁和硅铁锰铁矿的新方法。该方法在配备有用于脱磷的第三区的两区炉中进行。来自还原区的一氧化碳含量为80-85％的废气用作进行脱磷所需的一氧化碳来源。还已经开发了用于熔炼中碳和低碳铁锰以及金属锰的方法。这些方法基于从氧化物熔体还原磷的类似方法。