Nitrogen (N) losses from the N sources such as manures, fertilizers etc. applied to crops are considered as the largest non-point source of nitrogen-nitrate pollution in surface and groundwater bodies. The extent of water bodies polluted with N is worsening day by day, worldwide, with its severe impact on the quality of drinking water. This necessitates the development of crop specific N management practices to reduce N losses from crop systems. Improvements in agronomic and recovery efficiency of nitrogen in crops are regarded as promising techniques to reduce N losses. With the hypothesis that precise N supply in maize employing LCC or CCM under a critical threshold value will augment the yield performances and Nitrogen Use Efficiency (AE_N and RE_N) of maize, while reducing N losses, a two year study was conducted at Anand, India. Fifty percent reduction in basal N application and subsequent N applications based on LCC critical value 5 resulted in 12.30 and 12.25% increment in maize grain yield over recommended practices during the year 2015 and 2016, respectively. Significant improvement for total biological yield, grain protein accumulation in maize and total N uptake by crop was observed in the direction of N application using LCC threshold point 5, CCM threshold point 40 and recommended practice. Applying nitrogen at whatever the times LCC critical point drops ≤ 5 also recorded 4.09 and 4.17 kg gain in grain produced (over recommended practice) kg⁻¹ of N supplied (AE_N), 0.16 and 0.17 kg gain in N uptake (over recommended practice) kg⁻¹ of N supplied (RE_N) during 2015 and 2016, respectively and a total reduction of 51.14 kg N loss ha⁻¹ (over recommended practice) for the entire study period. The study reveal that compared to blanket application, N fertilizers can be more efficiently managed with LCC threshold value 5 or CCM threshold value 40 for guiding N application with higher yield, NUE and reduced N losses in maize crop.

施用到作物上的氮源（如肥料，肥料等）造成的氮（N）损失被认为是地表水和地下水体中最大的面源性硝酸盐污染源。在世界范围内，被氮污染的水体的范围正在日益恶化，严重影响着饮用水的质量。这就需要发展针对作物的氮管理措施，以减少作物系统中的氮损失。改善农作物中氮的农艺学和恢复效率被认为是减少氮损失的有前途的技术。假设在临界阈值以下使用LCC或CCM的玉米中精确的氮供应将提高产量表现和氮素利用效率（AE _N和RE _N玉米，在减少氮损失的同时，在印度阿南德进行了为期两年的研究。根据LCC临界值5，基础氮肥施用量和后续氮肥施用量减少了50％，分别导致2015年和2016年玉米籽粒产量分别比建议的做法高出12.30％和12.25％。使用LCC阈值点5，CCM阈值点40和推荐的做法，在施氮方向上观察到总生物产量，玉米中谷物蛋白的积累和农作物对总N吸收的显着改善。在LCC临界点下降≤5的任何时间施氮也记录了谷物产量增加4.09和4.17千克（按建议的做法），供给了^-1千克^-1的氮（AE _N），0.16和在氮吸收（在推荐的做法）公斤0.17公斤增益^-1氮供给（RE _Ñ分别2015和2016，过程中）和51.14公斤氮损失公顷的总压下^-1（在推荐的做法）为整个学习期间。研究表明，与一揽子施用相比，使用LCC阈值5或CCM阈值40可以更有效地管理N肥料，以更高的产量，NUE和减少玉米作物的N损失来指导N的施用。