Insufficient insulin secretion is a key component of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Since insulin is released by the islets of Langerhans, obtaining viable and functional islets is critical for research and transplantation. The effective and efficient isolation of these small islands of endocrine cells from the sea of exocrine tissue that is the rest of the pancreas is not necessarily simple or quick. Choosing and administering the digestive enzyme, separation of the islets from acinar tissue, and culture of islets are all things that must be considered. The purpose of this review is to provide a history of the development of islet isolation procedures and to serve as a practical guide to rodent islet research for newcomers to islet biology. We discuss key elements of mouse islet isolation including choosing collagenase, the digestion process, purification of islets using a density gradient, and islet culture conditions. In addition, this paper reviews techniques for assessing islet viability and function such as visual assessment, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and intracellular calcium measurements. A detailed protocol is provided that describes a common method our laboratory uses to obtain viable and functional mouse islets for in vitro study. This review thus provides a strong foundation for successful procurement and purification of high-quality mouse islets for research purposes.

中文翻译：

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再谈啮齿动物小岛分离和评估实用指南

胰岛素分泌不足是1型和2型糖尿病的关键因素。由于胰岛素是由Langerhans的胰岛释放的，因此获得可行的功能性胰岛对于研究和移植至关重要。从胰腺的其余部分外分泌组织中有效分离这些小内分泌细胞小岛不一定是简单或快速的。选择和使用消化酶，将胰岛与腺泡组织分离以及胰岛培养都是必须考虑的事情。这篇综述的目的是提供胰岛分离程序发展的历史，并为刚接触胰岛生物学的新手提供啮齿动物胰岛研究的实用指南。我们讨论了小鼠胰岛分离的关键要素，包括选择胶原酶，消化过程，使用密度梯度和胰岛培养条件纯化胰岛。此外，本文回顾了评估胰岛生存能力和功能的技术，例如视觉评估，葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌和细胞内钙测量。提供了详细的协议，该协议描述了我们的实验室用于获取活体外的功能性小鼠胰岛的常用方法。因此，本综述为成功采购和纯化用于研究目的的高质量小鼠胰岛提供了坚实的基础。提供了详细的协议，该协议描述了我们的实验室用于获取活体外的功能性小鼠胰岛的常用方法。因此，本综述为成功采购和纯化用于研究目的的高质量小鼠胰岛提供了坚实的基础。提供了详细的协议，该协议描述了我们的实验室用于获取活体外的功能性小鼠胰岛的常用方法。因此，本综述为成功采购和纯化用于研究目的的高质量小鼠胰岛提供了坚实的基础。