A typology of unpublished studies is presented to describe various types of unpublished studies and the reasons for their nonpublication. Reasons for nonpublication are classified by whether they stem from an awareness of the study results (result-dependent reasons) or not (result-independent reasons) and whether the reasons affect the publication decisions of individual researchers or reviewers/editors. I argue that result-independent reasons for nonpublication are less likely to introduce motivated reasoning into the publication decision process than are result-dependent reasons. I also argue that some reasons for nonpublication would produce beneficial as opposed to problematic publication bias. The typology of unpublished studies provides a descriptive scheme that can facilitate understanding of the population of study results across the field of psychology, within subdisciplines of psychology, or within specific psychology research domains. The typology also offers insight into different publication biases and research-dissemination practices and can guide individual researchers in organizing their own file drawers of unpublished studies.

提出了未发表研究的类型学，以描述各种类型的未发表研究及其未发表的原因。不发表的原因根据它们是否源于对研究结果的认识（结果依赖原因）或不（结果独立原因）以及这些原因是否影响个别研究人员或审稿人/编辑的发表决定来分类。我认为与结果相关的原因相比，与结果无关的原因不太可能将动机性推理引入出版决策过程。我还认为，与有问题的发表偏见相反，不发表的一些原因会产生有益的影响。未发表研究的类型学提供了一个描述性方案，可以促进对整个心理学领域、心理学分支学科或特定心理学研究领域的研究结果人群的理解。该类型学还提供了对不同发表偏见和研究传播实践的洞察，并可以指导个别研究人员组织他们自己的未发表研究文件抽屉。