Rye is one of the most commonly used sources of elite genes in wheat improvement programs. Due to the high collinearity of the genomes of both cereal species, it is possible to obtain interspecific chromosomal translocations and substitution lines. Rye chromatin is used to transfer numerous genes for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses into the wheat genome. Introgression has also resulted in improved agronomic traits. However, despite the numerous advantages, the transfer of large fragments or whole chromosomes has been quite often accompanied by a decrease in end-use quality. This paper presents an overview of the benefits and drawbacks of using rye as a source of variability in wheat breeding.

中文翻译：

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黑麦染色质渗入小麦基因组的利弊

黑麦是小麦改良计划中最常用的优良基因来源之一。由于两种谷物的基因组都具有较高的共线性，因此有可能获得种间染色体易位和置换系。黑麦染色质用于将许多对生物和非生物胁迫具有抗性的基因转移到小麦基因组中。渗入还改善了农艺性状。然而，尽管有许多优点，但是大片段或整个染色体的转移常常伴随着最终使用质量的下降。本文概述了使用黑麦作为小麦育种变异性来源的利弊。