ABSTRACT

Social class plays a central role in understanding the urban structure, yet its conceptualization and operationalization in urban studies are limited. We have used the Bourdieusian conception of social class, which conceives of class as the possession of economic, social and cultural capital, to establish the class structure of Rotterdam. We make a theoretical contribution to the literature by discussing how this conception provides new insights into the professionalization-polarization debate. Furthermore, we examine the spatial distributions of different class fractions, known as the geography of class. Based on two waves of a comprehensive city survey, we applied latent class analysis to develop an elaborate class typology consisting of seven social classes. We investigate how the class structure developed between 2008 and 2017 and analyze the changes in spatial class divisions. Our findings show that the transformation of the class structure is mainly driven by changes in cultural capital, that is, middle classes with high cultural capital replacing lower and middle classes with low cultural capital. Spatial analyses further reveal that classes are dispersed in specific ways and that these patterns of dispersion change over time. Finally, we reflect on the relevance of Bourdieu’s work in studying the urban class structure

摘要

社会阶层在理解城市结构方面发挥着核心作用，但其在城市研究中的概念化和操作化是有限的。我们使用了布尔迪厄的社会阶级概念，将阶级视为经济、社会和文化资本的占有，建立了鹿特丹的阶级结构。我们通过讨论这一概念如何为专业化-极化辩论提供新的见解，从而对文献做出理论贡献。此外，我们检查了不同类别部分的空间分布，称为类别地理。基于两次城市综合调查，我们应用潜在阶级分析来开发由七个社会阶级组成的精细阶级类型。我们调查了 2008 年至 2017 年间班级结构如何发展，并分析了空间班级划分的变化。我们的研究结果表明，阶级结构的转变主要是由文化资本的变化驱动的，即文化资本高的中产阶级取代了文化资本低的下层和中产阶级。空间分析进一步表明，类别以特定方式分散，并且这些分散模式随时间而变化。最后，我们反思布迪厄的工作在研究城市阶层结构中的相关性 空间分析进一步表明，类别以特定方式分散，并且这些分散模式随时间而变化。最后，我们反思布迪厄的工作在研究城市阶层结构中的相关性 空间分析进一步表明，类别以特定方式分散，并且这些分散模式随时间而变化。最后，我们反思布迪厄的工作在研究城市阶层结构中的相关性