Since 1984, the European Union (EU) has supported research and development activities covering almost all scientific disciplines through a series of multi-annual Framework Programmes. The current programme is Horizon 2020. Common across the key indicators of research project performance have been actions by companies, including introduce and test innovations new to the company or the market. Initiatives to achieve these objectives require researchers to generate transdisciplinary knowledge in partnership with practitioners as co-researchers. This paper reflects on the authors’ experience of engaging in five EU-funded complex applied research projects over 20 years. The paper locates the process of the five projects in network action learning and Mode 2 knowledge production. It offers a theoretical framework expressed in three hypotheses to guide those who design and implement projects, those who approve and provide funding, and those who exploit and build upon the resulting research.

中文翻译：

---

在复杂的应用研究项目中探索和利用网络的动态：对行动学习的反思

自 1984 年以来，欧盟 (EU) 通过一系列多年度框架计划支持几乎所有科学学科的研究和开发活动。当前的计划是地平线 2020。研究项目绩效的关键指标的共同点是公司的行动，包括引入和测试公司或市场的新创新。实现这些目标的举措要求研究人员与作为共同研究人员的从业人员合作产生跨学科知识。本文反映了作者在 20 多年来参与五个欧盟资助的复杂应用研究项目的经验。本文定位了五个项目在网络行动学习和模式2知识生产中的过程。